tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-11218030332109061062024-02-21T14:45:26.979+08:00PADAYON: Our Life JourneyLive and serve, no matter what. Rest if you want but never give up.Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.comBlogger112125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-62903224755716418072015-01-04T16:12:00.000+08:002015-01-04T16:22:32.440+08:00THANKS be to GodArticle first published as <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2014/12/19/from-pain-to-gain-a-shift-in-focus/">From pain to gain: A shift in focus</a> on December 19, 2014.<br />
<br />
For more than a month, pain has dominated my world as I experience abdominal pain I haven’t encountered before. Even in one of my most critical health conditions, five years ago, and the subsequent gradual process of recovery, the pain is more on emotional and spiritual, less in physical. This time it cuts across all other aspects. In fact, I was supposed to undergo surgery because of gallstones as observed in the ultra sound. With reservation, I took heed of the advice consoling myself that is the only way to get rid of the pain. Because there was also a pancreatic cyst in the ultra sound, the surgeon recommended CT scan first so that he can include the tail end of pancreas in the operation.<br />
<br />
Much to our amazement, the gallstones disappeared in the CT scan. But the joy was short lived as another CT scan was recommended – the result of which highlighted the pancreatic cyst. Diagnostic operation was recommended as sure method for biopsy to determine if the cyst is malignant. I was caught off-guard. Unprepared because of my assumption that I would be excused from other illness having not fully recovered yet from previous one in almost all aspects. Considering all scenarios even the worst, with my wife’s consent, I decided to leave the hospital and take a rest, meditate, pray, try nature’s healing process at home. I want to have more time with God, especially that earlier I have inspiring experiences with Him . I even prayed for more opportunities to publicly bear witness to God’s faithfulness to me and my family.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3Gyk-8khFPy8gcz7N_1JiW6oiHK7mX2vbjT926kxuefgiNTb0RyUhLGBgBu2BWKK0CmPOSf7DUXG58uk3fQPH65kZiuyxcn59TtpSuxeZi7BnW77ALwifjto9bP24PnOYzBBpWCN9fX8/s1600/THANKS2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3Gyk-8khFPy8gcz7N_1JiW6oiHK7mX2vbjT926kxuefgiNTb0RyUhLGBgBu2BWKK0CmPOSf7DUXG58uk3fQPH65kZiuyxcn59TtpSuxeZi7BnW77ALwifjto9bP24PnOYzBBpWCN9fX8/s1600/THANKS2.jpg" height="640" width="554" /></a></div>
Yes, I long to do that since I survived the aforementioned <a href="http://life-faithjourney.blogspot.com/p/invitation-to-blog.html">critical periods</a> in our life. I want to stress God’s hand in my healing. Since my condition is volatile yet, I shelve it for a while until my full recovery to make it real, powerful and with full confidence. However, observing the very gradual healing process, I decided to start doing it in every opportunity to preach and teach. At the back of my mind, with my age, full recovery may not come and I’ll forever lose by default. While I keep on believing and hoping for it, I also started to be realistic.<br />
<br />
Indeed, opportunities came. Lots of speaking engagements in line with respective themes on God’s faithfulness and thanksgiving. I have gone to Bacolod City after five years during the Foundation Day of the First Bethany Church. I was privileged to be the speaker in the CBMA Capiz Chapter Assembly in Maayon, Capiz. And lately, at the Baptist Church of Forward in Badiangan as Thanksgiving Sunday speaker. This is the church which adopted me as member almost 40 years ago because of a very productive ministry with young people during our Gospel Team while still a seminarian in Convention Baptist Bible College.<br />
<br />
I grabbed each opportunity to boldly proclaim Gods faithfulness even in pain and sufferings. Although not used to a prescriptive sermon, I even made an acrostic to emphasize my point in one of my sermons. i.e.<b>THANKS:</b> <b>T</b>rust God at all times even in bad times,<b>H</b>ope that never end e.g. hoping against hope, <b>A</b>ccept realities even if harsh, <b>N</b>ever give up, <b>K</b>eep the faith and Shift your focus.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnnlm4FEkpRlrrbZ-ldn7gFl8JBFN630EwsX1sSkM2vIjRvZcKDxo-QiMvaSct-SwGqxVvUUZBArRD3tBDe4FBpOCwjgVJF2bi0U8WSdXUeh7rHtMjAm978FzThHAcebZhkml5IkClS50/s1600/THANKS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnnlm4FEkpRlrrbZ-ldn7gFl8JBFN630EwsX1sSkM2vIjRvZcKDxo-QiMvaSct-SwGqxVvUUZBArRD3tBDe4FBpOCwjgVJF2bi0U8WSdXUeh7rHtMjAm978FzThHAcebZhkml5IkClS50/s1600/THANKS.jpg" height="640" width="546" /></a></div>
<br />
I feel blessed and pray to God for more opportunity to bear witness on His faithfulness. I even thought of reactivating my blogs to broaden its reach.Unexpectedly, however, I found myself in another crisis situation where I am entangled now- a painful one i.e. literally. While considering the worst scenario, deep within is a hope that I will still survive. The comments on facebook particularly those who offered prayers for my recovery inspire me to hold on. Of course, there were times when I cried to God like a child when the pain lingered more than expected disturbing even my sleep. Until I remembered the acrostics I made on THANKS and started to internalize each point of the word.<br />
<br />
That’s the time I realized that God might have allowed this painful experience so that I can walk my talk because this physical pain was absent during that near death experience in 2009. Probably, God is not through with me yet. He is preparing me for something else beyond my imagination. “His thoughts are not our thoughts. Neither His ways, our ways.” Shifting my focus, I began to look for the gains, rather than the pains. The first thing I have seen is the revival of this blog which hibernated for some months due to my hectic schedule . I expect for more. Dear God, enlighten me more.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-64176237158140464132014-04-23T14:05:00.000+08:002014-04-24T13:24:09.562+08:00Antipodes<div class="MsoNormal">
On the occasion of the global celebration of <a href="http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2014/04/earth_day_2014.html">Earth Day</a> every April 22, I reblog this article first published published July 7, 2011 on <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/">larizanetwork.com</a>.
This year’s theme is <a href="http://www.earthday.org/greencities/earth-day-2014/">Green Cities. </a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgitw6yikjLLu7XwWjr6dUDYQwNRGKFoSzxmLVwl65-IAERLAw1TBF69hLlwTTsm8eup8A6a711EzNMe3Tw_ouMUdFIFuvIngqzxBMuUhvMy-jugif6lPCOkNzrOSkLq3I9zfgjakfezys/s1600/earth+day+2014.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgitw6yikjLLu7XwWjr6dUDYQwNRGKFoSzxmLVwl65-IAERLAw1TBF69hLlwTTsm8eup8A6a711EzNMe3Tw_ouMUdFIFuvIngqzxBMuUhvMy-jugif6lPCOkNzrOSkLq3I9zfgjakfezys/s1600/earth+day+2014.jpg" height="221" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
Image Credit: <a href="http://www.americanbar.org/groups/environment_energy_resources/public_service/earth_day.html">www.americanbar.org</a></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>God, the Supreme Being (known in various names to diverse
tongues and context), gave man and woman the power to have dominion over the
fish of the sea, birds on the air, and every living things that moves upon the
earth.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>But humanity used such power to dominate their fellow human
beings.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>The Creator put man and woman in the Garden of Eden to tend
and care for it</b>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>But men and women plunder, pollute and waste the natural
resources. To ensure their domain, they cut a tree, hanged God and built a
sanctuary. Confining Him on the four walls of the church, they nailed his hands
and feet so that they continue destroying the earth.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Jesus the Christ came to give assurance of eternal life to
the dead.</b><br />
<br />
<i>
But humans ensure the living of their death by the coverage of insurance
companies bearing the religious terms like Eternal Life, Ascension,
Resurrection and the like</i><br />
<br />
<b>
Jesus invites the weary and heavy laden to come to him and find rest and peace.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>But humanity invents destructive weapons to make their
fellow humans quickly rest in peace.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Jesus exhorts his followers to feed the hungry, give water
to the thirsty, visit the prisoners, clothe the naked, invite strangers to
their homes.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>But humans find it pleasurable to visit the naked, sprinkle
water and gas to the hungry, invite the thirsty to prison, sell to the
strangers their homes</i>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As it was in the beginning men and women are fond of making
reversals. No wonder Bernard Backman wasinspired to write the <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/30172684/reverse-creation">Reverse Creation</a> –
a gloomy picture of what will happen in the end should these antipodes
continue.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1121803033210906106" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8cDQg06CC1UdSEvx4AHECG3Q9C3IyGPGVeATV747GriLHc5WWYjQ4Pujzjg76b5pRpCbYWcyIS9yLG-1Q5AQccXOK0vETv_P1sSiaiIXUxj03_Fq7VJzVeepcGofarvqJRQfJ18AUFWE/s1600/padayon+earth+day.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8cDQg06CC1UdSEvx4AHECG3Q9C3IyGPGVeATV747GriLHc5WWYjQ4Pujzjg76b5pRpCbYWcyIS9yLG-1Q5AQccXOK0vETv_P1sSiaiIXUxj03_Fq7VJzVeepcGofarvqJRQfJ18AUFWE/s1600/padayon+earth+day.jpg" height="387" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
Taken from: <a href="http://cancer-tankerousmommy.blogspot.com/">cancer-tankerousmommy.blogspot.com</a></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>REVERSE CREATION</b><br />
by Bernard Backman</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In the end, we destroyed the heaven that was called Earth.
The Earth had been beautiful until our spirit movedover it and destroyed all
things.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let there be darkness… and there was darkness. And we liked
the darkness; so we called the darkness, Security.And we divided ourselves into
races and religions and classes of society. And there was no morning and no
evening on the seventh day before the end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let there be a strong government to control us in our
darkness. Let there be armies to control our bodies so that we may learn to kill
one another neatly and efficiently in our darkness. And there was no evening
and no morning on the sixth day before the end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let there be rockets and bombs to kill faster and easier;
let there be gas chambers and furnaces to be more thorough. And there was no
evening and no morning on the fifth day before the end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let there be drugs and other forms of escape, for there is
this constant annoyance – Reality – which is disturbing our comfort. And there
was no evening and no morning on the fourth day before the end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Let there be divisions among the nations, so that we may
know who is our common enemy. And there was no evening and no morning on the
third day before the end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>And finally we said…</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let us create God in our image. Let some other God compete
with us. Let us say that God thinks as we think,hates as we hate, and kills as
we kill. And there was no morning and no evening on the second day before the
end.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>On the last day, there was a great noise on the face of the
Earth. Fire consumed the beautiful globe, and there was silence. The blackened
Earth now rested to worship the one true God; and God saw all that we had
done,and in the silence over the smoldering ruins…<i> God wept.</i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Share the Earth Video to celebrate Earth Day. Join in the <a href="http://www.earthday.org/greencities/about/">Green Cities Campaign</a>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/D806hNr-mrk?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-68249666834738256482014-04-21T19:28:00.001+08:002014-04-21T19:28:44.189+08:00Resurrection: A Payback?Revised edition of my article first published on <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2011_04_01_archive.html">April 30, 2011</a><br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIfIHafymg-BGaUO5IFU8QklQpgzKYGxEwcpVHF-O4xE4hiZACEMN8za3FSW055g6X4f8TMc7IjsjNmHmmUI_oG_at2H97ZjPMHI43T7EOa7nvn3YBeewo1YY__RpbPrLe49nQ5deYHw4/s1600/life-of-jesus-pic-14.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIfIHafymg-BGaUO5IFU8QklQpgzKYGxEwcpVHF-O4xE4hiZACEMN8za3FSW055g6X4f8TMc7IjsjNmHmmUI_oG_at2H97ZjPMHI43T7EOa7nvn3YBeewo1YY__RpbPrLe49nQ5deYHw4/s1600/life-of-jesus-pic-14.jpg" height="320" width="225" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
Image Credit:<a href="http://www.turnbacktogod.com/pictures-of-the-resurrection-of-jesus/"> turnbacktogod.com</a></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Let me propose this angle in addition to the countless and unlimited significance of the resurrection of Jesus to our daily lives. Of course, we are aware of the basic teaching that resurrection is the cornerstone of our Christian faith. This has been elaborated every year by preachers of various religious groups and denominations.<br />
<br />
For a change, let us explore resurrection as a reward to the greatest volunteer the world ever had. A precedence that may inspire millions of nameless volunteers worldwide. No matter how unsolicited this inspirational piece appears to some, though. Others may dislike this proposal. Volunteers will even protest the title. But certainly majority will agree with the claim that Jesus is the greatest volunteer.<br />
<br />
Biblical writers have various description of the voluntary act of Jesus. But I like the Pauline version in Philippians 2:5-8 (NIV): “I<i>n your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus, who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to death— even death on a cross</i>!”<br />
<br />
The Gospel records instances when Jesus insists on undergoing the voluntary process despite the supposed favor from people who know him as the messiah. When John the Baptist appears reluctant to perform the baptism ritual, Jesus prevails on him: “<i>Let it be so now; for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness</i>.” (Matthew 4:14-15)<br />
<br />
Many times, Jesus rebukes his disciples in their actuations to seek redress to injustice and discrimination against his dignity. Unwelcome in his attempt to bridge the gap between warring cultures, he suffers discrimination in one Samaritan village. When James and John insinuate punishment to the humiliating experience, Jesus forbids therm. (<a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+9%3A51-55&version=NIV">Luke 9:51-55</a>). Jesus calmly tells Peter to hold peace, in the latter’s attempt to fight back against the savagery of his captors: “<i>Do you think I cannot call on my Father, and he will at once put at my disposal more than twelve legions of angels</i>?” (Matthew26:53)<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeS0UEmYXzZgQiIlngxr0vZ05rFw5S9rSgNhqiLjM-BbEG4sy2iXXlHrdSbEIzT_vzxFxkB7gjX4kU2oEIC6QXPqKENFF1o-ouBsFRiTEHKzqXyZg8G6QRv2olLWNmwdsCupJ2Uxned28/s1600/feet-washing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeS0UEmYXzZgQiIlngxr0vZ05rFw5S9rSgNhqiLjM-BbEG4sy2iXXlHrdSbEIzT_vzxFxkB7gjX4kU2oEIC6QXPqKENFF1o-ouBsFRiTEHKzqXyZg8G6QRv2olLWNmwdsCupJ2Uxned28/s1600/feet-washing.jpg" height="326" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
Image Credit: <a href="http://picturesofjesus4you.com/426.html">picturesofjesus4you.com</a></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
He washes his disciple’s feet at the height of leadership struggle position during the last supper. The lobbying of both John and James and their mother for position in the kingdom might have sparked the internal conflict. Hence, nobody appears willing to do the menial t ask which earlier they enjoy taking turns. Jesus volunteers.<br />
Jesus consistently exemplifies the spirit of volunteerism in his lifestyle and teachings. He voluntarily follows all the requirements of the law, although in some instances, he deliberately skirt man -made unreasonable insertion and imposition to the requirements of God. He successfully passes the final challenge in the Garden of Gethsemane.<br />
<br />
Subsequently, the divine justice expedites the awarding ceremony for the greatest volunteer in the world. St. Paul beautifully uses this clincher to the narrative of Jesus voluntary act: T<i>herefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father</i>. (Philippians 2:10-11)<br />
<br />
I am not advocating pay back mentality. Jesus even issues a strange rebuke to the perpetrators and perpetuators of this kind of mentality in Luke 14:12- 14. “<i>When you give a luncheon or dinner, do not invite your friends, your brothers or sisters, your relatives, or your rich neighbors; if you do, they may invite you back and so you will be repaid. But when you give a banquet, invite the poor, the crippled, the lame, the blind, and you will be blessed. Although they cannot repay you, you will be repaid at the resurrection of the righteous</i>.”<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3YOKoy-qlWLCUBSvMh4jV9EUr8UUJxeYZsUVBpPI-Z_u5hOIKiDV_C69WAN9mxKps-drd4wx5K_3PYadBVhKZQaowIchl_bOJUM_MwK2yNzyAySrbOVcmBOYLCIoPbqLH6vWVZ6Uf0ew/s1600/volunteeerism2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3YOKoy-qlWLCUBSvMh4jV9EUr8UUJxeYZsUVBpPI-Z_u5hOIKiDV_C69WAN9mxKps-drd4wx5K_3PYadBVhKZQaowIchl_bOJUM_MwK2yNzyAySrbOVcmBOYLCIoPbqLH6vWVZ6Uf0ew/s1600/volunteeerism2.jpg" height="298" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNormal">
YMCA volunteers together with adviser pose for posterity
after the forum on volunteerism</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
sponsored by ICON. An umbrella network of
volunteers and development advocates, </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ICON allocates a day for volunteerism
endeavors in the week-long celebration </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
of NGO- PO Week in Iloilo.</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Certainly, volunteers do not expect rewards. The bible teaches us to give or serve without expecting a return. The <a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+25%3A31-46&version=NIV">last parable </a>in the Gospel of Matthew (25:31-46) confirms this with the scenario of great surprises. In the final end, during the awarding ceremony, as the chaff is separated from the grain, sheep and goat divided, the result is beyond expectation. But volunteers receive their awards.<br />
True, volunteers do not expect awards. But who can question God’s divine justice to recompense the faithful? Is there something wrong in viewing resurrection as a payback for volunteerism?<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-78617622450354065312014-04-19T09:52:00.000+08:002014-04-19T10:57:21.855+08:00The significance of Jesus sufferings: A sequelThe beauty and completeness of the entire universe was marred by the wrong moral decision of supposedly crowning glory of God’s creation. Humanity missed the opportunity to live in paradise forever by willful disobedience. As such, the whole creation was transformed from the state of being very good to a situation where “<i>the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now</i>.“(<a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+8%3A22&version=ESV">Romans 8:22</a> ESV).<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOodFqVnHWcjJ4c9L2H32kjQ0ssUK7SyB8EWMUA7yZjFi1akhsogYF26ips-OfyUtRQ_z1UtS8hL3Dx_mBRNbJwzCLtbABgpbMW6XHUS1fZ4Zzme41WA4InDEyU6z3l-cbuoRtUa4NbZA/s1600/creation%252C+fall+and+redemption.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOodFqVnHWcjJ4c9L2H32kjQ0ssUK7SyB8EWMUA7yZjFi1akhsogYF26ips-OfyUtRQ_z1UtS8hL3Dx_mBRNbJwzCLtbABgpbMW6XHUS1fZ4Zzme41WA4InDEyU6z3l-cbuoRtUa4NbZA/s1600/creation%252C+fall+and+redemption.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Published by
Redemptivebooks <br />
Publishing, Iloilo City, Philippines. <br />
For inquiries, contact:<br />
creationfallredemption@yahoo.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Humanly speaking, the Fall of man (and woman, too) has put God in a dilemma. How can He show His love to humankind without breaking His own rule? The prohibition was clear from the start including the consequent penalty. To borrow Atty. Edwin R. Catacutan’s argument in his book <a href="http://www.nationalbookstore.com.ph/creation-fall-and-redemption.html">Creation, Fall and Redemption</a>, “<i>was there a way to remove the cup of death from man without God breaking His word</i>?” By all indication, God’s enemy has the upper hand and might have been amused in watching how God resolve the issue. As ever consistent in His words and actions, God’s solution makes Jesus suffering absolutely significant.<br />
<br />
As discussed in the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2014/04/the-significance-of-jesus-suffering.html">previous blog</a>, justice requires a redeemer to the sentenced humanity. Legally, angels are disqualified, having no physical body and subsequent death. As progeny of Adam already burdened with own death, nobody from the human race is qualified. Hence, no one can substitute for another, or for own self, despite willful act. Neither can any one force another to sacrifice for himself. Purchasing redemption is also a legal impossibility. For, as the author argues, with reference to the bible, “T<i>he earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof, the world, and they that dwell therein</i>.” (<a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/24-1.htm">Psalm 24.1</a>)<br />
<br />
When all redemption procedures fail, grace is a necessity. In fact, it is the only redemptive option. Atty. Catacutan discussed a two-stage process in redemption by grace. The <u>first</u> is the payment, or justice –compliance stage. The <u>second</u> is the relationship-claiming stage wherein any one who wants to avail of the redeeming grace must claim his relationship to the Savior.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Free Bible images of Jesus suffering and dying on the cross for our sin. (Matthew 27:38-66, Mark 15:25-47, Luke 23:35-56, John 19:28-42): Slide 11" src="http://www.freebibleimages.org/storydata/photos/FB_Jesus_Dies/overview_thumbnails/011-jesus-dies.jpg?1361221244" height="240" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image Credit: <a href="http://freebibleimages.org/">freebibleimages.org</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
In the first stage, somebody who is qualified, and who can die, must do the substitute death sacrifice to comply with the justice requirement of God. The only option is a kinsman of the human race who is able and willing to do the job. A truly man, with flesh and blood not contaminated by sinful nature, who can truly experience death. The only mathematical solution is a virgin birth – child of a woman, begotten of the Holy Spirit. That way the offspring, while being man, can also be truly God who is able to perform task of redeemer. This is the significance of the incarnation as popularized by the Christmas story and the subsequent Passion and Resurrection narrative.<br />
<br />
Paul, the apostle, has explicitly described the significance of Jesus sufferings in his letter to the <a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philippians+2%3A5-8&version=NIV">Philippians</a>: “<i>In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus, who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness. And being found in appearance as a man, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to death— even death on a cross</i>!”<br />
<br />
From the start, Jesus knows his role in the <a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans+5%3A12-21&version=NIV">redemptive procedure</a>. The Garden of Gethsemane, on the way to the cross, serves as venue of Jesus affirmation on his willingness to sacrifice as redeemer. There he wrestles with his humanity vis-a-vis the divine mandate. As recorded in the gospel, the scene in the garden portrays the last struggle. Jesus pours out his innermost thoughts and feelings to the Father. Reviewing the justice requirements and redemption scheme, he attempts to argue for other alternatives apart from the cup of suffering and death. In the end, he seals his commitment to undergo the last stage of redemption with this prayer: "<i>Nevertheless, your will be done, not mine</i>."<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.youtube.com/embed/M-0JhXQNBhI?feature=player_embedded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div>
<br />
Thereafter, the culmination of his suffering takes place on the cross. The finale of the "womb- to- the- tomb" painful experiences of Jesus as the redeemer. Indeed, <i>t<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXAqoZuYvyA">he old rugged cross</a></i> serves as the "emblem of suffering and shame." The summit of the redemption process in the context of the totality of the life of Jesus that exemplifies the love of God for humanity.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-29726423926276686562014-04-18T15:27:00.000+08:002014-04-18T15:39:08.070+08:00The significance of Jesus sufferingIn my article on <i><a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2014/04/18/finding-virtue-in-suffering/">Finding virtue in suffering</a>, </i>I pointed out that there is no virtue in suffering. Instead, suffering produces virtues. St. Paul, in his letter to <a href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Romans%205:3-4">Romans (5:3-4)</a>, identifies some as perseverance,character,and hope. Those who have undergone suffering, as well as witnesses to the sufferings of others will surely agree with the claim. Stories of transformation in individuals and their significant others are innumerable to tell. My life-journey is now part of that package.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYYPwUVIYPQDTYeszADDhroApHMisEs4uasKCtFYVPRq7FOAp9bLvGHg3mnRTDPu1fuwlUaBwBQHqtgJnOFsBrAEg1SHLRTdlzOXqiTMaKui_EQ_rglm3Eg7EEH9hZY7leEgvS1PuKn8/s1600/007-jesus-dies.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWYYPwUVIYPQDTYeszADDhroApHMisEs4uasKCtFYVPRq7FOAp9bLvGHg3mnRTDPu1fuwlUaBwBQHqtgJnOFsBrAEg1SHLRTdlzOXqiTMaKui_EQ_rglm3Eg7EEH9hZY7leEgvS1PuKn8/s1600/007-jesus-dies.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image Credit:<a href="http://www.freebibleimages.org/photos/jesus-dies/"> freebibleimages.org</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
But what makes the significance of Jesus peculiar? The prophet Isaiah has already provided the answer long before this was first asked. “<i>He was despised and rejected—a man of sorrows, acquainted with deepest grief. We turned our backs on him and looked the other way. He was despised, and we did not care. Yet it was our weaknesses he carried; it was our sorrows that weighed him down. And we thought his troubles were a punishment from God, a punishment for his own sins! But he was pierced for our rebellion, crushed for our sins. He was beaten so we could be whole. He was whipped so we could be healed</i>.” (<a href="http://biblehub.com/isaiah/53-5.htm">Isaiah 53:4-5</a>), New Living Translation,2007<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_z6ePHNTZItJeT8x4IMWJsrMgntQToCERYJkR4AbysHgvjQ2m1kN8qPyPAYc01UpOznnDaxFRD3bsp_z0gPpcynFbGpTt_1XhA89kXf303Mt2tryEA3vbl1MoIo_AfJYC54HfjiG4uY/s1600/creation,+fall+and+redemption.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK_z6ePHNTZItJeT8x4IMWJsrMgntQToCERYJkR4AbysHgvjQ2m1kN8qPyPAYc01UpOznnDaxFRD3bsp_z0gPpcynFbGpTt_1XhA89kXf303Mt2tryEA3vbl1MoIo_AfJYC54HfjiG4uY/s1600/creation,+fall+and+redemption.jpg" height="320" width="206" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Published by Redemptivebooks Publishing,<br />
Iloilo City, Philippines. The author can be<br />
be contacted through: <br />
creationfallredemption@yahoo.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
A brother in faith and partner in development endeavors has a very clear and logical presentation of this redemptive process. Atty. Edwin R.Catacutan considers his book, <a href="http://www.nationalbookstore.com.ph/creation-fall-and-redemption.html">Creation, Fall and Redemption</a> as a lawyer’s incursion into Christian Theology. In half- an- inch thick document, the book capsulizes the story of the Bible. For him the bible is divided into two parts with highlight on the three significant cosmic events, i.e. the title of the book. These are the dominant thoughts of the Bible story. The first part (Creation and Fall) contains the reasons why the rest of the bible was written – Redemption Procedure: Effects and Aftermath.<br />
<br />
As a justice requirement, there needs to be a redeemer to the sentenced humanity. Legally, angels are disqualified, having no physical body and subsequent death. As progeny of Adam already burdened with own death, nobody from the human race is qualified. Hence, no one can substitute for another, or for own self, despite willful act. Neither can any one force another to sacrifice for himself. Purchasing redemption is also a legal impossibility. For, as the author argues, with reference to the bible, “<i>The earth is the Lord’s and the fullness thereof, the world, and they that dwell therein.</i>” (<a href="http://biblehub.com/psalms/24-1.htm">Psalm 24.1</a>)<br />
<br />
The only option is a kinsman of the human race who is able and willing to do the job. A truly man, with flesh and blood not contaminated by sinful nature, who can truly experience death. <i>The only mathematical solution is a virgin birth - child of a woman, begotten of the Holy Spirit. …</i> That way the offspring, while being man, can also be truly God who is able to perform task of redeemer.<br />
<br />
<i>(To be continued) </i>Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-10507295115838750292014-04-17T14:15:00.000+08:002014-04-17T14:15:35.804+08:00Is suffering a virtue?The Lenten break has given me time to meditate and, of course, as it were, activate my blogs. While reviewing my past Lenten reflections, I came across this article posted exactly 3 years ago.I decided to repost it because of its relevance to the occasion. Coincidentally, the 86th Commencement Exercises of Central Philippine University took place last week also.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjstnYFzTCCRWea049CcdcP-HN_fAqQgDr7fH01g6TNkirpspxo220CqOfiGJ0ag0rDJVR1HZIpD1YB0_rBXcCIMZrIlAFszgETQ5Mey1uwOKPVh9rOtphT4uMEcghNUTIc6d3xWAFgQJs/s1600/padayon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjstnYFzTCCRWea049CcdcP-HN_fAqQgDr7fH01g6TNkirpspxo220CqOfiGJ0ag0rDJVR1HZIpD1YB0_rBXcCIMZrIlAFszgETQ5Mey1uwOKPVh9rOtphT4uMEcghNUTIc6d3xWAFgQJs/s1600/padayon.jpg" height="247" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
Much as I wanted to attend the 83rd Graduation Ceremonies of Central Philippine University last week, my health constrained me. But I got a copy of the commencement message of a brilliant young lawyer who is the only son of my mentor at the Department of Social Work. Addressed to graduates and respective families, the last portion of his speech inspires me. Subsequently, this series of Lenten reflections.<br />
<br />
Atty. Peter Irving C. Corvera associates success with significance. For unless our success leaves any imprint on the lives of others, it remains a personal accomplishment. His contention is that <i>success and significance are not dependent on material factors and the length of stay in this world</i>, respectively. Hence, the challenge to make a difference now. He cited the case of Jesus the Christ, whose earthly life was short but significant. The impact of Jesus life on the world and the lives of people is eternal.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj0BvlwBaTIijhC1iTXf5YN1QQ9pWLGJVmNdzIoBWgjrmTX4V59R1rWuucfTCTimQ1EIlu6HsPMns_dRqylHqs8zXdv1-QrjQYwroylnVAonm30YbbD5gLn-_WdnGWBD7ZoUhP99Z1x-s/s1600/Peter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj0BvlwBaTIijhC1iTXf5YN1QQ9pWLGJVmNdzIoBWgjrmTX4V59R1rWuucfTCTimQ1EIlu6HsPMns_dRqylHqs8zXdv1-QrjQYwroylnVAonm30YbbD5gLn-_WdnGWBD7ZoUhP99Z1x-s/s1600/Peter.jpg" height="278" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">DILG USEC Peter Irving C. Corvera and Prof. Ruth C. Corvera</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Emphasizing service, more than excellence or riches, as something that gives significance to life, he shares the story of his mother. This is where his message penetrates my soul. For I know very well Prof. Ruth Ciriaco Corvera. How she spent the best years of life on her passion for service as pastor and social worker. Either in church or community, she consistently espouses her development slogan- empower people to reach their full potential before God. I have been a witness to her irresistible commitment. Nothing can stop her, not even problems, difficulties, illness, pains and sufferings. She has given all with seemingly nothing for her old age. Yet, at the age of 82, she was stricken with cancer. Now on the eighth year, six years of which were in stage-4, she continues to think of ways how she could be useful to others.<br />
<br />
Every time I think of the life of Ma'am Corvera and others like her, I feel humiliated. Admittedly my wife and I have been devastated by what happened to me. More so, when in crises, we realized our folly of not saving for our own needs. Obsessed in service, we seem to give all. Worse, because one of the major causes of my suffering was principled voluntary work in community and church, especially for pastors. For a year, I continue to wrestle this issue. Now, I realized my experience pales in comparison to hers. Her condition is even worse than mine. Yet, she still has the time to periodically call me and inspire me to hold on and go on with life and service.<br />
<br />
When I reflect on the life of Jesus, the more I am humbled in my sufferings. Despite being the only begotten Son of God, He was not spared from the harsh realities in life. Even if we combine all our pains in life, the product falls short to the sacrifices, persecution, betrayal, humiliation, and disgrace he encounters in the name of service. It is in this context that the lent must be viewed, as well as our sufferings.<br />
___________________<br />
<br />
Atty. Peter Irving C. Corvera is the chairperson of the Board of Trustees of Central Philippine University. Recently, he was appointed as Undersecretary for Public Safety of the Department of Interior and Local Government, Republic of the Philippines.<br />
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-63672978558359218872014-01-19T16:37:00.000+08:002014-01-19T17:25:52.568+08:00Bloom even where you're not planted<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="400" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash3/156346_10200647984436946_1599141201_n.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="347" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The title, as incorporated in the photo, is an amendment to a quote popularized by <a href="http://sfdsassociation.org/spirituality/what-is-salesian-spirituality.html">Mary Engelbreit </a>“bloom where you’r e planted.” Although knowledgeable<a href="http://tomlangford.wordpress.com/2010/01/03/bloom-where-youre-planted/"> sources </a>attribute the phrase to the Bishop of Geneva, <a href="http://sfdsassociation.org/spirituality/what-is-salesian-spirituality.html">Saint Francis de Sales</a> (1567-1622). Hence, my apologies to them for this amendment which, hopefully, does not distort their intention.<br />
<br />
Few days ago, I saw the featured flower, while doing my early morning walking exercise inside the campus of Central Philippine University. The first thing that came into my mind, of course, was the above mentioned popular saying . Impressed by the way the flower struggled to sprout and bloom in an unlikely situation, I thought of making an amendment to the quotation. So, I requested my daughter to take a photo of the flower before it withers or somebody plucks it. After making the caption, I posted the photo on my facebook timeline with the following comment: But isn’t life sometimes like that? We are compelled to live and give our best even in unlikely situation, condition, fields, places or circumstances.<br />
<br />
Soon it got likes and comments from FB friends and member of a Social Workers network group I joined.Below are some of those worth mentioning:<br />
<br />
... <i>and the challenge is to find meaning even in the meaninglessness of it.</i><br />
- Dean Anita Illenberger<br />
<br />
<i>Wonderful! Very encouraging. This is originally yours, the message is different and i like it better-inclusion of the "excluded".</i><br />
-Arlyn Liling Tagakapis<br />
<br />
<i>Economic hardship and oppression makes one relocate abroad for survival and a better future for the children. One is uprooted from home to a place where one is "not planted" and that amidst the harshness of loneliness of the soul and coldness of winter, racial discrimination, and in a dog eat dog existence.....one could still bloom. A very uplifting message for migrants.</i><br />
-Margaret Rose Dominado<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgwmbF6vhoeMa5hh0qD3rvHMOZ5pMqixeP4NT-QCbdCgJu4l6LFr4ETAxXivw3tE_urw0-8x_i9Fo-eDxz7dy_aE1oRpwLwlOCDwoSZG_jnEhiIN6RYZRXlS-kcfok7DkcaSHbm5RhNQs/s1600/Bloom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgwmbF6vhoeMa5hh0qD3rvHMOZ5pMqixeP4NT-QCbdCgJu4l6LFr4ETAxXivw3tE_urw0-8x_i9Fo-eDxz7dy_aE1oRpwLwlOCDwoSZG_jnEhiIN6RYZRXlS-kcfok7DkcaSHbm5RhNQs/s1600/Bloom.jpg" height="276" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
<i>...that's a meaningful scene..one can ponder upon..to make a difference..to keep blooming even where you're not planted!</i><br />
- Mabel Gonzales<br />
<br />
<i>Even in a most hostile environment, or in a harsh condition..life can still flourish..praise be Our God.</i><br />
-Alfonso Espino<br />
<br />
<i>Reminds me of a great quote by George Carlin: "I like it when a flower or a little tuft of grass grows through a crack in the concrete. It's so ...heroic.</i><br />
- Scott Wellborn<br />
<br />
<i>I can relate....... but I will hold on until my last breath.....</i><br />
<i>God be merciful to a wretched man like me.......</i><br />
<i>I know nothing good except the good you handed me....</i><br />
<i>But, here I am, use me for whatever purpose You want it to be....</i><br />
- Rudel Obed Dianala<br />
<br />
How about you? Any comment to my amendment? Wherever you are, either planted or blown by the wind of change or carried by the birds of circumstances, you have no other choice but to bloom. For others are not fortunate enough to survive the test of times and circumstances. <b>Live and serve, no matter what. Rest if you want but never give up. PADAYON! </b><br />
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-50932771461095146962014-01-08T20:39:00.000+08:002014-01-08T20:40:03.447+08:00Maturation and Renewal (1992 to the Present): History of NGO networking in the Philippines<div class="MsoNormal">
In the previous <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/12/expansion-to-ebbs-and-flows-of-painful.html">post</a>, the next clustered phases of the NGO networking history were highlighted by the formation of the Caucus of Development NGOs (CODE NGOs)
in 1990.In an unprecedented move in the history of the Philippine NGO movement, ten of the largest NGO networks in
the country, including the church-based networks and the cooperative sector
representing about 1,500 NGOs nationwide, came together in the first ever
National Congress of NGOs in December 1991.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Among those represented in the congress were Philippine
Partnership for the Development of Human Resources in Rural Areas (PHILDHRRA),
Philippine Support Service Agencies (PHILSSA), National Confederation of
Cooperatives (NATCCO), National Council of Social Development (NCSD), National
Secretariat for Social Action (NASSA), Philippine Business for Social Progress
(PBSP), Council for People’s Development (CPD), Ecumenical Council for
Development (ECD), National Council of Churches in the Philippines (NCCP), and
Association of Foundations (AF). </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The networks agreed to work on three areas of concern: (1) training a successor generation of development NGO leaders; (2) Relating with government as a sector, especially the military authorities in the national and regional level; (3) Relating with the donor community both here and abroad.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Among other objectives, the following are worth mentioning: (1) to convene the different Development NGO networks especially in confronting pertinent development issues collectively; (2) to provide the venue for dialogue, linkages, and cooperation among the member networks; and (3) to formulate and popularize an alternative development paradigm.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This coalition resulted further in the ratification of a
historic document - the Covenant for Philippine Development. No wonder, some
development workers considered this period as the golden age of networking and
coalition building in the Philippines because NGOs of different orientations
and historical context agreed to act as one in responding to the opportunities
and challenges of the new conjuncture.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Thereafter, the NGO community has become an important
actor in Philippine politics after the EDSA phenomenon. This position was
further strengthened by the Local Government Code of 1991. The Code highlighted
the role of NGOs in the local governance process and provided for their
participation in the following areas: membership in local special bodies,
partnership with the government in joint ventures in development projects, and
participation and sectoral representations in local legislative bodies.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Code requires the local government to allow accredited
NGOs, POs, and, in some cases, private sector individuals to take at least
twenty five percent of the seats in local development council and to have at
least one seat in four other boards, dubbed local special bodies: school board,
health board, peace and order council, and pre qualification, bids and awards
committee.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The local government Code has also institutionalized NGOs as
active partners in the local governance. The LGU may enter into joint ventures
with NGOs in the delivery of certain basic services. NGOs or POs are also given
preferential treatment with regards to the use of acquatic resources and in the
grant of franchise in the construction and operation of such facilities. The
LGU may also extend financial assistance to the NGO for its economic, socially
oriented environment and cultural projects.
</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
NGOs play a very
significant role in the recognition of “civil society” as an indispensable
partner of the government in development endeavors and in nation building. The
legitimacy and prominence of the NGO sector has been carried over up from the
Aquino leadership to the present administration. As in the past, people with
links to the NGO movement have been appointed to cabinet positions. NGO
communities are also involved in numerous consultative mechanisms as a distinct
social sector. Alegre (1996) noted that
another indication of the NGOs continuing significance is the increasing
leverage of some of the larger and more established NGOs and the major NGO
networks and coalitions with various funding agencies and multilateral
institutions, such as the World Bank and other various United Nation-based
commissions.</div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-74717485899528283692013-12-31T14:08:00.000+08:002013-12-31T14:18:05.837+08:00Expansion to Ebbs and flows of a painful transition:History of NGO networking in the Philippines The<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/12/from-relief-to-release-history-of-ngo.html"> first three phases</a> of the history of NGOs and subsequent networking in the Philippines have been discussed in the previous post. I classified them from <i>Relief to Release</i> because like the trend worldwide, NGO work started as a response to the ravages of war through relief and reconstruction activities. Later, as engagement in social reformation and transformation endeavors were met with repression by oppressive regime, those working with NGOs found release from their suppressed commitment to serve.The next three phases witness the strategic role of NGOs in changing the sociopolitical landscape.<br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Expansion and Innovation (1978-1983) </b><br />
<br />
Learning from the past experiences, NGOs refined their strategies. This effort resulted to qualitative increase in the organized mass movement, as reflected in the formation of more alliances and federations of people organizations. The NGO movement itself experienced tremendous increase in numbers. Human rights advocacy was broadened to include other areas of concern like indigenous people’s rights, ecology/environment problems, and women rights. As a result, more NGOs were organized bannering on respective sectoral issues. This period also witnessed the utilization of new approaches and tools for development like the micromedia, participatory action research, popular education, alternative medicine, and appropriate technology.<br />
<br />
Following the increased unpopularity and isolation of the Marcos regime in the international scene, foreign funds flowed freely in support of development work. Many Northern NGOs and funding agencies even went to the extent of setting up their Philippine desk making the country their base of operations in Asia because of the bulk of projects being supported here. Repression in various forms, however, was also intensified.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="395" src="http://www.phildhrra-mindanao.org/images/unity_small1.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: www.phildhrra-mindanao.org </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
As NGOs grew in number, networking as a strategy became attractive because of its effectiveness in lobbying and advocacy work. More regional and national networks were formed during this period, e.g., Philippine Partnership for the Development of Human Resources in Rural Areas (PHILDHRRA) which was established in 1983. Moreover, the other regional and provincial NGOs were integrated into new networks.<br />
<br />
With these developments, NGOs have become “<i>key players in the country’s sociopolitical landscape</i>.”<br />
<br />
<b>NGO Support to the Surging Mass Movement (1983-1986)</b><br />
<br />
The Aquino assassination in 1983 became a rallying point of growing opposition and outrages which gave birth to the “<i>parliament of the streets</i>.” It was a period of multi- sectoral organizing and alliance building as regional and national federations and alliances of POs were formed with NGO support. Similarly, NGOs strengthened their existing networks and formed new ones to share resources and find security in their numbers amidst continuing military harassment. NGOs’ support to the surging of mass movement culminated in their participation in the Snap Election and the subsequent <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2013/02/27/the-spirit-of-edsa-lives-on/">EDSA Revolt</a>.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="edsa shift" height="345" src="http://edwinlarizablogs.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/edsa-shift.jpg?w=500" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: cbclawmatters.blogspot.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>Ebbs and Flows of a Painful Transition (1986-1992)</b><br />
<br />
The EDSA event and the wave of political democratization that followed changed the national terrain overnight. Development efforts continued to flourish as NGO works increased significantly amidst the newly won democratic spaces. In acknowledgement of their role in organizing and mobilizing the popular forces before and during the EDSA Revolt, the contribution of NGOs (and POs) to national development was formally recognized.<br />
<br />
The 1987 Constitution clearly acknowledged the role of NGOs and POs in a democratic society by including them in its key provisions. In a sense, the role of NGOs was institutionalized, so much so that during the first years of Cory government, many of the appointees came from the NGO community. Even funds from government and international bodies were coursed through the NGOs. As a result, there was a proliferation of NGOs all over the country, covering all possible areas and lines of work. Abad (1990) observed that this made the Philippines one of the most dynamic NGO communities in Asia, if not in the world.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="190" src="http://jjcicsi.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/PHILSSA1-370x176.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: jjcicsi.org</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Traditional politicians, entrepreneurs, and even government units that set up their own NGOs for vested interests, however, took the situation. This was so prevalent that so-called development NGOs were forced to band together to distinguish themselves from pseudo ones. Two new networks were formed during the post EDSA period, namely: the Council for People’s Development (CPD) and the Philippine Support Service Agencies (PHILSSA) in 1986 and 1988, respectively. Others strengthened their unity, stepped up their coordination efforts and responded frequently to unfolding events as networks– and not merely as individual NGOs.<br />
<br />
The formation of the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/12/milestone-of-ngo-networking-in.html"><span id="goog_1440492801"></span>Caucus of Development NGOs<span id="goog_1440492802"></span></a> (CODE NGOs) in 1990 was one of the high points of this trend. In a move unprecedented in the history of the Philippine NGO movement, ten of the largest NGO networks in the country, including the church-based networks and the cooperative sector representing about 1,500 NGOs nationwide, came together in the first ever National Congress of NGOs in December 1991.Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-25554778600942701922013-12-27T16:04:00.000+08:002013-12-27T16:04:51.212+08:00From relief to release: History of NGO networking in the PhilippinesThe first three phases of the history of NGOs and subsequent networking in the Philippines, as discussed in the book of Alan G. Alegre <i>Trends and Traditions; Challenges and Choices,</i> can be classified as Relief to Release. Like the trend worldwide, NGO work was more as a response to the ravages of war through relief and reconstruction activities. Eventually, NGOs engaged in social reformation and transformation endeavors which were met with repression by an oppressive regime whose hard line stance did not spare even legitimate and religious organizations. After an initial wave of repression, those that did not join the underground movement continued with their commitment through institutional work, which eventually came to be known as NGO work. It was in working with NGOs that they found release from their suppressed commitment to serve.<br />
<br />
<b>American Colonial Period to Post WWII: Relief, Rehabilitation and Welfare</b><br />
<br />
This period witnessed the emergence of voluntary, private initiatives that engaged mainly in relief and reconstruction work to support a war-ravaged country. Considered to be the first NGOs, their welfare endeavors continued even after normalization. Eventually, the welfare work was geared toward social reform, colored with anti- communist motivation, which concentrated on the problems in the countryside. The environment led to the setting up of the pioneer NGOs in the country: the Institute of Social Order in 1947 and the Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement in 1952.<br />
<br />
<b>The Deepening Social Crisis and the Rise of New Social Movements (1965-1972)</b><br />
<br />
A conglomeration of events shaped the global and national sociopolitical landscape which affected the history of NGOs in the Philippines. On the one hand, there was a worldwide questioning of the previous development approach; an emergence of new theories of underdevelopment; highlight on revolutionary anti-colonial struggles; and change in the social directions of the Catholic Church which played a key role in this stage of development.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, as the Philippine social situation was rapidly deteriorating, there was a resurgence of nationalism and student activism and a groundswell of public outrage, which culminated in the First Quarter Storm. At this period, grassroots organizing dominated the NGOs directions.<br />
<br />
Two NGO networks were established during this time: the National Secretariat for Social Action (NASSA) and the Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP) in 1967 and 1971, respectively. NASSA served as a clearinghouse and coordinating mechanism for the Philippine Catholic Church’s social involvement, while PBSP established itself as a network among business corporations and NGOs they supported.<br />
<br />
This period also witnessed the emergence of the community organization approach as an alternative to the limitations of community development. This approach led to the establishment of the Philippine Ecumenical Council for Community Organization (PECCO) in 1971. As a result, many NGOs were organized bearing the new orientation/approach. In 1972, after a series of informal meetings, ten NGOs with more traditional business and family foundations came together to form another network, the Association of Foundations (AF).<br />
<br />
<b>Coping with Repression, Carving a Niche (1972-1978)</b><br />
<br />
When the late President Marcos used a hard line stance to establish a New Society, the NGO community was included in a systematic crack down on opposition groups. All legal attempts at organizing for popular empowerment were paralyzed. NGOs responded to the situation in various ways. While some went underground to wage armed struggle, others were either coopted or forced to lie low. After an initial wave of repression, those that did not join the underground movement continued with their commitment through institutional work, which eventually came to be known as NGO work.<br />
<br />
Three significant developments in the networking took place during this period. In 1974, the National Council of Churches in the Philippines (NCCP) came together and adopted a statement defining the priorities and strategies of the development work of the church and its related organization. This development resulted to the formation of a body similar to NASSA- the Commission on Development and Social Concerns. Four years after, as an offshoot of the split of PECCO, a fellowship of pastors and lay workers to assist churches in development efforts was organized into a network known as the Ecumenical Center for Development (ECD).<br />
<br />
In 1977, a network among cooperatives came into existence as a response to the government’s attempt to regulate the cooperatives. Known as National Association of Training Center of Cooperatives (NATCCO), the network was later renamed National Confederation of Cooperatives, Inc. It was observed that these church-related networks were more political compared to the first three networks established earlier, namely: National Council of Social Development, Philippine Business for Social Progress and Association of Foundations.<br />
<br />
As seen by Soliman (1990), this period witnessed the birth of secular NGOs established by activists who had been working within the church umbrella wanting to institutionalize social development work outside the church. Their endeavors concentrated on uplifting the conditions of the people through cooperatives and provision of start-up capital for income-generating projects. In the words of Alegre (1996), “the intersection of three efforts - the church reaching out, the growing needs of POs, and the development concerns of secular NGOs - gave birth to creative programs that showed NGOs coping amidst repression.”<br />
<br />
The situation also became favorable to groups and organizations with political and ideological leanings directly opposing the martial law regime. With their relatively advanced coping mechanism, these groups became influential in the NGO movement. They even set up different NGOs and exerted a considerable influence in the programs and projects of existing ones to become more effective in the latter part of this period<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-16017470817123513042013-12-23T11:20:00.000+08:002013-12-23T11:20:44.984+08:00NGO Networking in the PhilippinesPrevious posts discuss the<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/asset-and-liability-of-ngos.html"> asset and liability </a>of non government organizations (NGOs); their vulnerabilities to groups with vested interests; and coping strategies which Korten (1990) describes as “<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/strategies-of-ngos.html">three generation strategy</a>” to describe the stages of development of NGOs. All these lead to linkages and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/networking-imperative.html">networking </a>between and among NGOs, even with other sectors of society.<br />
<br />
Linkages and networks serve as protective mechanism of NGOs from any form of threat because of their collective nature. Network also prevent unnecessary duplication or overlapping of development effort. As a strategy, networking has been used by many sectors in pursuing development endeavors. Networks link local efforts for more effective lobbying and advocacy and provide venues for the exchange of experiences and resources between similar NGOs.<br />
<br />
John Clark (1991) associated the emergence of networks with the development of advocacy group. This is the last of the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">six schools</a> he formulated to trace the historical evolution of Northern NGOs his book Democratizing Development: The Role of Voluntary Organizations. The first network to make a name was the<a href="http://www.ibfan.org/"> International Baby Foods Action Network</a>. Set up in 1979 by seven NGOs, it grew to about 150 NGOs from all parts of the world and led the successful campaign for international governmental agreement on a code of marketing for baby foods.<br />
<br />
The <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/12/milestone-of-ngo-networking-in.html">milestone </a> of NGO networking in the Philippines happened in 1990 with the launching of the Caucus of Development NGOs (<a href="http://code-ngo.org/home/">CODE NGOs</a>). This solidarity, however, did not happen overnight. It was a culmination of decades of common struggle similar to what other NGOs in other countries experienced in the course of historical development characterized by diverse intensity and highlights.<br />
<br />
Alegre (1996) traced the beginning of NGO networking in the Philippines from the formation of the Council of Welfare Agencies Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. (CWAFPI), the forerunner of the present-day <a href="http://site.clkss.org.ph/partners/non-government-organization/national-council-of-social-development-ncsd-foundation-of-the-phiippines-inc">National Council of Social Development</a> (NCSD). As early as 1952, a group of social work leaders organized the Philippine National Committee of the International Council on Social Welfare (ICSW). This eventually evolved into the Council of Welfare Agencies Foundation of the Philippines, Inc. (CWAFPI), the umbrella organization of the various welfare and civic organizations, e.g., the Catholic Women’s Clubs, Boy/Girl Scouts of the Philippines, National Red Cross, etc. which, up to this day, cater to such sectors as traditional women’s groups, children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities.<br />
<br />
The early organizational formation, however, is only one part of the story of networking with particular focus on welfare agencies. Alegre (1996) presented a comprehensive discussion of the factors that contributed to the growth and development of networking in the Philippine NGOs in his book <i><a href="http://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Trends_and_traditions_challenges_and_cho.html?id=R6sVAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y">Trends and Traditions; Challenges and Choices</a></i>. This observation is complemented by a chronological presentation of the formation of nine mainstream national networks after NCSD in <i><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/mia729/from-the-present-looking-back">From the Present Looking Back</a>: A History of Philippine NGO </i>by Karina David (1998). Hence, the history of networking in the Philippine is better understood in the context of historical evolution of NGOs in the country.<br />
<br />
The story of Philippine NGOs generally follows the trend of the world history of NGOs- from relief and welfare endeavors to social reformation which eventually led to the transformation approach. Alegre (1996) divided the history of NGOs into six distinct phases rooted in key points in the country’s recent past, as follows: American Colonial Period to Post WWII: Relief, Rehabilitation and Welfare; The Deepening Social Crisis and the Rise of New Social Movements (1965-1972); Coping with Repression, Carving a Niche (1972-1978). Expansion and Innovation (1978-1983); NGO Support to the Surging Mass Movement (1983-1986); Ebbs and Flows of a Painful Transition (1986-1992; Maturation and Renewal (1992 to the Present). Each phase will be discussed in the succeeding posts.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-71994911232245212292013-12-18T16:25:00.000+08:002013-12-18T16:25:12.532+08:00Milestone of NGO networking in the PhilippinesThe united effort of Philippine NGOs evolved from relief and reconstruction work to welfare activities geared toward anti- communist inspired social reform. Affected by the social context, which witnessed worldwide questioning of development approach, Philippine NGOs found themselves doing grassroots organizing for transformation. Such approach, however, faced a momentary halt when confronted by a repressive regime that used an iron-fist policy in dealing with oppositions. Overcoming the threat, NGOs became instrumental in the qualitative growth of the organized mass movement, which culminated in the EDSA phenomenon. Thereafter, NGOs have maintained their legitimacy and prominence in Philippine society. The gains of networking in the national scene inspired the NGOs to translate it to the regional and provincial level.<br />
<br />
<img src="http://midfield.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/code-ngo-mast.jpg" /><br />
<br />
The formation of the Caucus of Development NGOs (CODE NGOs) in 1990 was one of the high points of this trend. In a move unprecedented in the history of the Philippine NGO movement, ten of the largest NGO networks in the country, including the church-based networks and the cooperative sector representing about 1,500 NGOs nationwide, came together in the first ever National Congress of NGOs in December 1991. The networks agreed to work on three areas of concern: (1) training a successor generation of development NGO leaders; (2) Relating with government as a sector, especially the military authorities in the national and regional level; (3) Relating with the donor community both here and abroad.<br />
<br />
Among other objectives, the following are worth mentioning: (1) to convene the different Development NGO networks especially in confronting pertinent development issues collectively; (2) to provide the venue for dialogue, linkages, and cooperation among the member networks; and (3) to formulate and popularize an alternative development paradigm.<br />
<br />
Those represented in the congress were Philippine Partnership for the Development of Human Resources in Rural Areas (PHILDHRRA), Philippine Support Service Agencies (PHILSSA), National Confederation of Cooperatives (NATCCO), National Council of Social Development (NCSD), National Secretariat for Social Action (NASSA), Philippine Business for Social Progress (PBSP), Council for People’s Development (CPD), Ecumenical Council for Development (ECD), National Council of Churches in the Philippines (NCCP), and Association of Foundations (AF).<br />
<br />
This coalition resulted further in the ratification of a historic document – the Covenant for Philippine Development. No wonder, some development workers considered this period as the golden age of networking and coalition building in the Philippines because NGOs of different orientations and historical context agreed to act as one in responding to the opportunities and challenges of the new conjuncture.<br />
<br />
__________________<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">This article is part of the series of posts on
NGOs. Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines
involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble
aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider
the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs
in nation building. Previous posts tackle the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/09/ngos-reel-or-real.html">rationale </a>of
this series, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/heterogeneous-nature-of-ngos.html">heterogeneity </a>of
NGOs, their <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">history</a>,
<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/classification-of-ngos.html">classification</a>, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/strategies-of-ngos.html">strategies</a>, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/networking-imperative.html">imperative of networking</a> and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/12/networking-development-strategy.html">networking as development strategy</a>.</span>Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-68485862097199058232013-12-01T15:49:00.000+08:002013-12-01T15:49:08.832+08:00Networking: A development strategyMy fondness for the concept of networking began while conducting a study on the subject as development strategy of non-government organizations (NGOs) for my Master of Social Work thesis in the University of the Philippines- Diliman. Since then I have internalized the learnings and live with it in my whatever development endeavors I engage in.<br />
<br />
Networking has been used by development workers and organizers as a strategy to strengthen their ranks especially during the times they were faced with the problem of either co-optation or reprisal from the government and other traditional power holders that want to maintain the status quo. Moreover, they have to deal with the proliferation of pseudo NGOs that undermine the sector’s credibility. Set up to take advantage of funding sources for dubious or narrow purposes, they are fly- by- night organization<br />
<br />
Linkages and networks serve as protective mechanism of NGOs from any form of threat because of their collective nature. Network also prevent unnecessary duplication or overlapping of development effort. As a strategy, networking has been used by many sectors in pursuing development endeavors. Networks link local efforts for more effective lobbying and advocacy and provide venues for the exchange of experiences and resources between similar NGOs.<br />
<br />
John Clark, in his book Democratizing Development: The Role of Voluntary Organizations, associates the emergence of networks with the development of advocacy group. This is the last of the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">six schools </a>formulated by Clark to trace the historical evolution of Northern NGOs. It was during this period when NGOs, particularly those who were dependent on government or conservative constituency for funding, faced a dilemma because the culprits that victimized the poor were most often Western based.<br />
<br />
The NGOs who continued with advocacy work for the poor suffered a declining support when they opened up to their supporters. Those who continued advocacy but made little effort to communicate the dilemma to their supporters, have lived with the contradiction ever since.<br />
<br />
An important leap in advocacy work happened in the 1980s. Influenced by their staff, some of the Northern NGOs with overseas programs became expressive and active in their advocacy work. Likewise, Third World advocacy groups started to make waves. As a result, North-South networks of advocacy groups started to take shape and to gain authenticity, strength, and power that made them a force to reckon with.<br />
<br />
The first network to make a name was the International Baby Foods Action Network. Set up in 1979 by seven NGOs, it grew to about 150 NGOs from all parts of the world and led the successful campaign for international governmental agreement on a code of marketing for baby foods.<br />
<br />
The more progressive Northern NGOs with Third World program have supported the evolution of these networks, have often funded them, but have tended to take a backseat role. This is partly because, according the Clark (1990), of a residual concern about their public image and legal status, partly because they have a few staff strong on the skills needed for advocacy and networking and partly – in spite of the rhetoric- because of an organizational half heartedness.<br />
<br />
In the Philippines, NGOs have reached the highest level of unity in networking during the launching of the Caucus of Development NGOs (CODE NGOs) in 1990. This solidarity, however, did not happen overnight. It was a culmination of decades of common struggle similar to what other NGOs in other countries experienced in the course of historical development characterized by diverse intensity and highlights.<br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>(To be continued)</i><br />
_______________________<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs.
Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines
involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble
aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider
the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs
in nation building. Previous posts tackle the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/09/ngos-reel-or-real.html">rationale </a>of
this series, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/heterogeneous-nature-of-ngos.html">heterogeneity </a>of
NGOs, their <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">history</a>,
<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/classification-of-ngos.html">classification</a>,
<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/strategies-of-ngos.html">strategies</a>
and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/networking-imperative.html">imperative of networking</a>.</div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-73206441907062156842013-11-23T18:53:00.000+08:002013-11-23T18:56:50.903+08:00Networking: An imperative In the previous post, I pointed out the critical role of NGOs which is considered both an<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/asset-and-liability-of-ngos.html"> asset and liability.</a> Because they frequently pioneer new approaches and challenge development orthodoxy,NGOs are vulnerable to groups with vested interests.Consequently, the NGOs face the problem of either co-optation or reprisal from the government and other traditional power holders that want to maintain the status quo. Moreover, they have to deal with the proliferation of pseudo NGOs that undermine the sector’s credibility. A number of these pseudo NGOs set up not for any other purpose than to take advantage of funding sources for dubious or narrow purposes, according to Abad (1990).This issue has been highlighted by the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://www.naujan.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Kapit-Bisig.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo Credit: <a href="http://www.naujan.com/">www.naujan.com</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Faced with such problems and threats to their credibility, NGOs have seen the need to establish linkages and networks among themselves and with other sectors of society. Melgrito (1994) has defined networking as coordination among people, groups or organizations of various interests and orientation, working together as in a chain so as to function in a specific manner. It takes place when organizations link up together and make concerted efforts for mutual advantage and greater effectiveness towards the achievement of a common goal.<br />
<br />
As a strategy, networking has been used by many sectors in pursuing development endeavors. Networks link local efforts for more effective lobbying and advocacy and provide venues for the exchange of experiences and resources between similar NGOs. A proper coordination of NGO activities, in networking, helps prevent unnecessary duplication or overlapping of development effort. NGOs are also protected from any form of threat because of their collective nature, while they police their own ranks through common code of conduct.<br />
<br />
Networks are defined as units, institutions, agencies or organizations united for a free flow of information and resources between members without any established hierarchy or structure (Third World Studies Center, 1990). Forming networks and umbrella organizations is advantageous to NGOs for varied reasons. Aldaba (1990) cites six benefits in this regard, namely: (1) Greater economic and political impact; (2) Access to and sharing of resources; (3) Sector Protection; (4) Effective relations with governments; (5) Establishing sector standard; and (6) Linkage with other sectors for social transformation.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="icon" height="400" src="http://iconphils.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/icon2.jpg?w=214&h=244" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="350" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Alegre (1996) cites the following strategic concerns addressed by establishing networks: (1) Sharing and exchange of resources, such as information, funds, technology, and expertise; (2) The coordination and complementation of programs and projects; (3) The formulation of common agenda or plans of action for purposes of advocacy, participation in governance, and resource mobilization; (4) Consciousness raising and development education, especially on the relations between developed and developing countries and between the NGO and PO communities in these countries.<br />
<br />
Clark (1990) noted that networking offers a lot of advantages to NGOs. These advantages apply equally to international lobbying endeavors. In addition to mutual fortification and mutual protection, networking or lobbying provides the possibility for NGOs to specialize in areas in which they have individual advantage. According to Clark, NGOs can also lobby their own government on their intentions, replication and mainstreaming of initiatives of member NGOs. Networks can engage in wide scale consortium projects covering larger areas. Political impact through issue advocacy is strengthened and more effective when there is a collective effort to lobby and mobilize.<br />
<br />
Networks are better able than an individual NGO to tap resources internally among members and externally from the government, donor agencies, and other NGOs. Similarly, they can facilitate resource accessing for individual NGOs since the former can guarantee the track record of the latter.<br />
<br />
________________________<br />
<div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs.
Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines
involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble
aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider
the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs
in nation building. Previous posts tackle the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/09/ngos-reel-or-real.html">rationale </a>of
this series, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/heterogeneous-nature-of-ngos.html">heterogeneity </a>of
NGOs, their <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">history</a>,
<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/classification-of-ngos.html">classification</a>
and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/strategies-of-ngos.html">strategies</a>.</div>
</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-50897967357948397852013-11-09T18:13:00.000+08:002013-11-09T18:14:14.881+08:00Strategies of NGOsThe typology of NGOs is related to the differences in their strategies and activities. As such, each type of organization uses different types of strategies such as relief and welfare strategies, community development, sustainable systems development, or people’s movement. These approaches are used by organizations at certain stages. Korten (1990) uses the “<i>three generation strategy</i>” to describe the stages of development of NGOs. The following discussion will describe each stage and then classify the type of organization according to the strategies used.<br />
<br />
The<i><b> first generation strategy</b></i> uses the welfare and relief approach in the delivery of their services where dole-out of goods and services are the main activities. Often this strategy is used when there are natural calamities like floods, earthquakes, or war.<br />
<br />
In such a situation, the NGO is the “<i>doer</i>” and is the chief actor while the beneficiary remains passive. It responds to an immediate and visible need. The management orientation in this stage is in logistics management. Moreover, the NGOs in this stage tend to live on donations by appealing through the mass media. The shift, however, to the second-generation strategy stems from the realization that they are solving only the symptom but not the underlying cause.<br />
<br />
The <b><i>second-generation strategy</i></b> basically employs community development strategies. Its focus is on local inertia; thus, the NGOs develop the capacities of the people so that the people could meet their own needs. The main theme of this stage is the empowerment of the people through self-reliance and self-determination in the village or group level.<br />
<br />
Unlike the first generation strategy, the role of the NGOs here is “<i>mobilizer</i>” rather than doer. In this stage, there is a substantial focus on education with the assumption that the problem lies exclusively on individual’s lack of skill and physical strength. Under this strategy, there is still evidence of dependence that did not make for a lasting impact. Because of the ineffectiveness of some projects, NGOs began to realize that there is a need to change their strategies. Thus, the gradual shift from the second generation to the third generation strategy began to occur.<br />
<br />
The<b><i> third generation strategy</i></b> looks at the role of the NGO in developing sustainable systems. Elliott (as cited in Brodhead, 1987) explains that this strategy calls for a more political involvement in the form of support conscientization activities, and beyond that, for empowerment. This strategy looks beyond the community and further delves into the local, national and international levels in its efforts towards development. As Korten (1990) has observed: <i>“Third generation strategies focus on creating a policy and institutional setting that facilitates, rather than constrains just, sustainable, and inclusive local development action.</i> “<br />
<br />
The strategies employed by the generational framework indicate that NGOs evolve and change according to their commitment for development. Most often POs (people’s organizations) and VOs (voluntary organizations) reach the third generation strategy because of their, as Korten (1990) puts it, “focus on trying to make a sustainable difference in the lives of the people it is assisting.”<br />
<br />
On the other hand, PSCs (public service contractors) and GONGOs (hybrid governmental/non- governmental organizations) are less likely to reach the third generation strategy. PSCs depend on their donor while the government responds to changes in its policies. Korten (1990) further states that generally, donors and governments are more interested in supporting NGOs in relief and welfare interventions to relieve immediate suffering than in efforts aimed at fundamental structural change. Hence, seldom can we find PSCs and GONGOs that go beyond the second-generation strategy.<br />
<br />
_____________________________<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs.
Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines
involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble
aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider
the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs
in nation building. Previous posts tackle the <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/09/ngos-reel-or-real.html">rationale </a>of
this series, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/heterogeneous-nature-of-ngos.html">heterogeneity </a>of
NGOs, their <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">history</a>,
<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/classification-of-ngos.html">classification</a>, and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/asset-and-liability-of-ngos.html">asset and liability</a>.</div>
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-6463472226033383752013-11-05T19:17:00.001+08:002013-11-05T19:28:48.437+08:00Asset and liability of NGOsThe non-government organizations (NGOs) came to aid world development and to establish outlooks and attitudes that laid the foundation for a modern development perspective. According to Alegre (1996) NGOs have emerged as a new catalyzing, social organization and as a significant player in development. They are increasingly significant actors in global governance and in international development.<br />
<br />
Clarke (1994) provides the following explanation why NGOs play a prominent role in contemporary social movements, as follows: (1) Their access to significant source of funds from abroad; (2) Their capacity to generate the mass leaders needed to sustain social movements; (3) Their use of their direct experience in providing services to beneficiaries as a platform from which to engage in more political activity.<br />
<br />
The role of NGOs, says Clarke, has resulted in two specific consequences: (1) A history of effective service delivery gives NGOs significant “legitimacy” in the eyes of other political actors; and (2) NGO political activity is informed by direct experience and is therefore more clearly based on practical experience.<br />
<br />
Clark (1990) has vividly described the critical role NGOs have to play: <i>Because of their international structure and linkages they have the potential to construct global networks of citizens pressure. Because they command a unique vantage point they are ideally placed to study and describe how contemporary crises affect the poor. Because of their size and flexibility they are able to experiment with new approaches to the crises and so, through demonstration, serve as pioneers or catalysts for government action. Because of their access to the media they are well placed to reach out with their message. And because they do not stand to make personal profit the public trusts them at large.</i><br />
<br />
The critical role of NGOs is both an asset and liability. More often than not, they are confronted with ambivalence. While their size and flexibility make it easily for them to adjust to changing circumstances and conditions in the implementation of programs and projects, they have a weak capacity to absorb bigger undertakings. Although aware of such limitations, NGOs are still hesitant to increase their size, fearing that their flexibility and dynamism may be sacrificed in the process.<br />
<br />
Because they frequently pioneer new approaches and challenge development orthodoxy, NGOs are vulnerable to groups with vested interests. Consequently, the NGOs face the problem of either co-optation or reprisal from the government and other traditional power holders that want to maintain the<i> status quo.</i> Moreover, they have to deal with the proliferation of pseudo NGOs that undermine the sector’s credibility. A number of these pseudo NGOs set up not for any other purpose than to take advantage of funding sources for dubious or narrow purposes, according to Abad (1990).<br />
<br />
This issue has been highlighted by the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs. But this is not the first controversy. I doubt if it will be the last.<br />
<br />
_______________________<br />
<br />
This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs. Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs in nation building. Previous posts tackle the<a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/09/ngos-reel-or-real.html"> rationale </a>of this series, <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/heterogeneous-nature-of-ngos.html">heterogeneity </a>of NGOs, their <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/10/history-and-development-of-ngos.html">history</a>, and <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2013/11/classification-of-ngos.html">classification</a>.<br />
<br />
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-58776400141142989902013-11-01T19:10:00.000+08:002013-11-01T19:12:16.178+08:00Classification of NGOsNGOs may be classified into various types according to different criteria, namely: (1) Activities they perform, (2) Areas of operation, (3) Size or number of staff, (4) Sector they serve, (5) Ideological bias, and (6) Their initiators. Subsequently, there are NGOs that engage themselves in community organizing among peasants, workers, fisherfolks and urban poor. Their areas of operation range from local to international. Abad (1990) observed that NGOs reflect certain ideological leaning or persuasion depending on the sector that organized them, e.g., business, political, religious.<br />
<br />
Korten (1990) classifies NGOs into four types, namely: 1) voluntary organizations (VOs); 2) public service contractors (PSC); 3) hybrid governmental/non- governmental organizations (GONGOS), and 4) people’s organization (POs). The first three NGOs are referred to as Third Party Organizations since they exist to serve the needs of the third party or those persons who are not members of the organization. The fourth sector is referred to as the First Party Organization, since they are basically governed and managed by the people themselves.<br />
<br />
According to Korten, of the Third Party Organizations, Voluntary Organizations are distinctively value-driven, pursuing a social mission that make them relatively immune to the political agenda of either the government or the economic forces of the market place. Although small in size, their capacity for social and institutional innovation has been well developed. This feat is seldom found in government and business sectors. However, while voluntary organizations serve as channels for innovation, they are often placed in a controversial position as they pursue their commitment towards social change.<br />
<br />
The Public Service Contractors, on the other hand, are dependent on economic power in sustaining their program. They acquire their resources through the exchange and market of goods and services. They also tend to be responsive to economic needs rather than to genuine public service. In this type of NGO, the customer is the donor.<br />
<br />
Korten observed that the first two types are, oftentimes, mistaken to be synonymous because of their characteristics as non- – profit organizations. Moreover, they have the same type of legal registration with similarities in mission statements. The difference, however, lies on their commitment. While the former are committed to social mission, the latter appear to be business – oriented. Unlike Voluntary Organizations, Public Service Contractors often evade advocacy and controversy.<br />
<br />
As far as the hybrid governmental/non- governmental organizations (GONGOs) are concerned, essentially they are instruments of the government in carrying its policies. Created and managed by the government, GONGOs are accountable to the state and not to their members or independent board. On the other hand, the last type i.e. People's Organizations represent their members’ interest. Characterized by self-reliance, they are considered organizations that are truly “ <i>by the people, of the people and for the people.”</i><br />
<br />
___________________<br />
<br />
<i>This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs. Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs in nation building. </i>Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-1760402301378720602013-10-27T21:18:00.000+08:002013-10-27T21:18:30.994+08:00History and development of NGOsAlthough voluntary organizations of various persuasions existed long before the twentieth century in the Western and the eastern hemispheres, their identification as NGOs have a more recent history. NGOs are categorized according to their origin and home base. Those coming from industrialized countries are referred to as “<i>northern or international</i>” NGOs while those which originate in and operate within developing countries are labeled as “southern” NGOs.<br />
<br />
According to <a href="http://books.google.com.ph/books/about/Democratizing_Development.html?id=VeWa0vFuRcUC&redir_esc=y">Clark</a> (1990), the early Southern NGOs typically arose out of independence struggles. He cited the case of the Gandhian movement in India, which had many offshoots that still flourish today. These offshoots include “<i>handloom centers and other appropriate technology initiatives; schools concentrating on functional education; people’s courts that use non violent citizens’ pressure to achieve justice for the lowest castes; and campaigning organizations for land reform and other aspects of social justice</i>.”<br />
<br />
The historical evolution of Northern NGOs is better understood when viewed according to the six schools formulated by Clark (1990), as follows:<br />
<br />
<b>Relief and Welfare Agencies</b><br />
The first Northern NGOs emerged after the First World War, with relief and rehabilitation as their focus. After World War II, this type of approach was strengthened primarily in war-ravaged Europe. Pioneers of this relief work include, among others, the Catholic Church-based CARITAS, Save the Children Fund, Catholic Relief Services, and Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere (CARE). Shifting their attention to the Third World, they broadened their services with welfare endeavors as an additional feature.<br />
<br />
<b>Technical Innovation Organizations</b><br />
Clark (1990) pointed out another development took place during the 1950s and 1960s when northern NGOs flourished with a new focus or direction. From welfare activities, they shifted to development endeavors. NGOs realized that relief work was palliative. It only dealt with symptoms, not root causes of the problem. Hence, they redirected their institutional work to community based projects. NGOs managed their own projects to pioneer new or improved approaches to problems, which tend to remain specialized in their chosen field. This approach has further opened the eyes of Northern NGOs to the full reality of poverty. In the first locations the symptoms of poverty are apparent, in the second, its root causes.<br />
<br />
<b>Public Service Contractor</b>s<br />
NGOs at this period followed the conventional model of helping poor communities to become more like Northern societies by importing northern ideas, technology and expertise, unmindful of their local counterpart and other indigenous structures. NGOs set up their own projects, with their own staff to make poor communities a replica of northern societies. Funded mostly by northern governments, they worked closely with Southern governments and official aid agencies.<br />
<br />
<b>Popular Development Agencies</b><br />
It did not take long when NGOs acknowledged and consequently criticized the weaknesses of the traditional development model. Seriously questioning their contribution to it, they started to shift to a new role, that of providing service to the popular grassroots organization and self –help movements. Landim (1987), as cited in Clark (1990) believed that this work was characterized by its small scale, its local (or at least national) leadership and its support for economic and political independence of the poor. Such change of direction, coupled with the increased funding opportunities from northern voluntary sources, led to mushrooming of southern NGOs. Many of these grew rapidly to become “<i>national-level institutions which served as intermediate organizations, channeling assistance from the Northern NGO to the grassroots level</i>.”<br />
<br />
According to Broadhead (1988) as cited in Clark (1990), a conglomeration of events further introduced changes in the NGOs’ direction. New political concepts emerging from the Third World intellectuals, such as theology of liberation, generally influenced NGO thinking during this period. Development theory once dominated by northern practitioners, was becoming an indigenous process led by the people themselves. Such development has broken the homogeneity among NGOs. While some remained with their traditional activities, others progressed to new activities and analyses at different rates. Southern NGOs started to become assertive. Thus, the NGO community has become increasingly a shared ground, initially shared with southern NGOs created by their northern “<i>partners</i>.”<br />
<br />
<b>Grassroots Development Organization</b><br />
In the 1970s, another leap took place in the NGO community. Many NGOs realized the limitation of self-help endeavors especially when dominated by the vested interests of the political and economic elite. Development perspective has also changed during this time. It was viewed as a liberating process for the poor, both from their physical oppressors and from their own resignation to poverty.<br />
<br />
Consequently, new approaches were tried, e.g., the Brazilian “<i>conscientization approach</i>” which traces its roots from Paolo Freire. A combination of political education, social organization, and grassroots development, this approach was designed not only to improve the living condition of the poor. It also traces the root causes of the problem and offer opportunities to fight out exploitation through mass organization. This new approach became prevalent among NGOs in the Third World during this time resulting to grassroots organizations characterized by militancy.<br />
<br />
<b>Advocacy group and networks</b><br />
The changing perspective on development, as well as the view regarding poverty being political in nature, gave birth to another phenomenon in the NGO community, i.e., and advocacy. NGOs began programs of development education, public campaigning, and parliamentary lobbying in pursuit of political changes. It was during this period when NGOs, particularly those who were dependent on government or conservative constituency for funding, faced a dilemma because the culprits that victimized the poor were most often Western based.<br />
<br />
The NGOs who continued with advocacy work for the poor suffered a declining support when they opened up to their supporters. Those who continued advocacy but made little effort to communicate the dilemma to their supporters, have lived with the contradiction ever since.<br />
<br />
An important leap in advocacy work happened in the 1980s. Influenced by their staff, some of the Northern NGOs with overseas programs became expressive and active in their advocacy work. Likewise, Third World advocacy groups started to make waves. As a result, North-South networks of advocacy groups started to take shape and to gain authenticity, strength, and power that made them a force to reckon with.<br />
<br />
The first network to make a name was the International Baby Foods Action Network. Set up in 1979 by seven NGOs, it grew to about 150 NGOs from all parts of the world and led the successful campaign for international governmental agreement on a code of marketing for baby foods.<br />
<br />
The more progressive Northern NGOs with Third World program have supported the evolution of these networks, have often funded them, but have tended to take a backseat role. This is partly because, according the Clark (1990), of a residual concern about their public image and legal status, partly because they have a few staff strong on the skills needed for advocacy and networking and partly – in spite of the rhetoric- because of an organizational half heartedness.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
________________________</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<i>This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs. Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs in nation building. </i></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-27978511236435210642013-10-20T16:30:00.000+08:002013-10-20T17:25:24.190+08:00Heterogeneous nature of NGOsNGOs emerged to respond to needs, which were not readily met by the government due to systemic limitations. With elite and/or traditional politicians at the helm of leadership, the government, most often, cannot initiate major reforms. This is a situation where NGOs take active role as catalysts for change. Providing stimuli for the various sectors of society to organize them, NGOs equip the poor with the important skills, knowledge and resource necessary in their struggle towards a better life and a more humane society (Aldaba ,1993).<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="265" src="https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTPBhT7vzjLh7tLFfcj2GpOoVhYQLwZ2m9-7LPLbOPSnTQ9ocyUxQ" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: lingofeeds.com: </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
However, the term NGOs itself elicits discussion or debate. It is not consistently used which results to various definitions/classifications. According to records, one of the earliest mentions of the term "NGO" was in 1945, when the United Nations (UN) was created. Being an inter-governmental organization, the UN opens its door to international non-state agencies - or non-governmental organizations which are awarded observer status at its assemblies and some of its meetings. Thereafter, the term was widely used to refer to nonprofit entities independent of governmental influence.<br />
<br />
In a broad sense, NGOs are simply agencies or groups which are different from government bodies. Quizon, as cited in Racellis (1998), defines NGOs: as private, voluntary organizations; social development agencies; or professional support; or cause oriented groups that are non-profit –oriented and legal, which are committed to the task of development and established primarily for socio-economic services, civic, religious, charitable and/or social welfare purposes.<br />
<br />
This definition covers the heterogeneous nature of NGOs. As such, various acronyms were as used to describe them. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization">Wikipedia </a>and <a href="http://www.nonprofitexpert.com/ngos-non-govermental-organizations/">Nonprofit Expert</a> have released the following classifications: <i>BINGO</i> is short for Business-oriented International NGO. <i>TANGO</i> means Technical Assistance NGO while <i>RINGO </i>is an abbreviation of Religious International NGO. <i>ENGO</i> refers to environmental NGO while <i>GONGOs</i> are Government-Operated NGOs, which may have been set up by governments to look like NGOs in order to qualify for outside aid. <i>DONGO</i> means Donor Organized NGO while <i>QUANGOs</i> are quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations. There is also <i>PANGO </i>which is a Party NGO set up by parties and disguised as NGOs to serve their political matters and <i> MANGO</i> which refers to Market Advocacy NGO.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="400" src="http://transmissionsmedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/NGO.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image credit: transmissionsmedia.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
On the other hand, <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/mia729/from-the-present-looking-back">Karina David </a>has the following classifications of NGOs: <i>DJANGOs</i> for Development, justice and advocacy NGOs. Commonly called as Development NGOs, they perform a mixture of direct and support service function with and for<i> GUAPOs </i>(genuine, autonomous people’s organization.) Primary form of intervention is community and sectoral organizing, developments in recent years have spawned organizations that provide support services (legal, medical, research, etc.)<br />
<br />
Next, the <i>TANGOs</i> (Traditional NGOs ) representing the charitable, welfare, and relief organization, TANGOs perform valuable services for the poor. While they intersect with the POs and DJANGOs their primary focus remains on marginalized individuals and families. There is also the <i>FUNDANGOs</i> (Funding agency NGOs). These foundations and grant-giving are linked to grassroots organizations primarily through providing financial and other forms of support.<br />
<br />
Of course, there are also <i>MUNGOs </i>(Mutant NGOs), according to David. Theses are extensions of the state (because they are <i>GRINGOs</i> government-run NGOs) or personal interests. Another is the <i>BONGOs</i>, business organized NGOs which refer to those that are created primarily as tax dodges, vehicles for quelling labor unrest, or means to project a benevolent company image. Finally, the <i>COME N’GOs</i>. These are NGO entrepreneurs with fly-by-night organizations that package proposals and promptly disappear with the funds and/or work the funding game by hiring themselves out to large donor organizations.<br />
<br />
I don’t know if the controversial network of fake NGOs created by Napoles will ever classify to any of the categories or there is a need for amendments to the aforementioned classifications.<br />
<br />
_______________________<br />
<br />
<i>This article is part of the series of posts on NGOs. Admittedly, the current pork barrel controversy in the Philippines involving the Napoles network of fake NGOs has besmirched the noble aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs). However, we consider the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs in nation building. A phenomenal movement which came to aid world development and to establish outlooks and attitudes that laid the foundation for a modern development perspective, genuine NGOs have emerged as a new catalyzing, social organization and as a significant player in development (Alegre,1996).</i><br />
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-36462846431526285312013-09-29T18:49:00.000+08:002013-09-29T20:50:42.416+08:00NGOs: reel or real?Since the expose of the alleged <a href="http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/443297/nbi-probes-p10-b-scam">multi-billion pork barrel scam</a> by the whistleblower Benhur Luy in July, Filipinos have been both enraged and entertained by the seemingly incredible development and extent of the conspiracy to steal taxpayer’s money. Worse, the alleged brain (although many won’t consider her as such but a mere pawn) Janet L. Napoles seemed to besmirch the noble aim and name of non-government organizations (NGOs) in cohorts with some legislators and other officials of the implementing government agencies.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="225" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-h-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/1378298_625710020794296_1732932936_n.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Photo credit: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=625710020794296&set=a.625698030795495.1073741858.100000659105310&type=1&theater">Prinx Vencer</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The public outrage appears to build up as more revelations and denials are reported by the mainstream media and netizens. Hopefully, it will not die down until significant changes are undertaken by the government itself or by people’s initiatives nationwide. <br />
<br />
In an attempt to do our share in responding to today’s challenge, the board of directors of our NGO- PO Network met some weeks ago to discuss the issue and unite on a particular stand. Being a loose coalition of various aggrupation of non-government organizations (NGOs) and people’s organizations (POs) with diverse programs, services, directions, leanings and persuasions, our network seldom makes an organizational stand, not until we reach a consensus. Yet, when it does, the result has greater impact. <br />
<br />
We have seen two angles in the current controversy- the systemic graft and corruption practices and the role of the NGOs. We considered the act a double injury. The large -scale misuse of the people’s money is outrageous. Siphoning money out of government coffers thru fake NGOs adds insult to injury. For it besmirch the good image established by the genuine NGOs for decades. Worse, it provides justification to some government officials and local chief executives who do not feel comfortable with the watchful eyes of NGOs and their seeming intervention as provided for by the local government code in the Philippines.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="179" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-g-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-prn2/1240100_612630288768936_628291591_n.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Haribon Foundation officers and personnel<br />
guesting our CATV show </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
It is in this second angle that the <a href="http://iconphils.wordpress.com/2011/08/20/hello-world/">Iloilo Coalition of NGOs and POs</a> (ICON) decided to focus, While some members continue to actively take part in the local anti pork barrel movement representing their respective organizations, ICON has committed to inform the public about the existence and corresponding programs or services of genuine NGOs.<br />
<br />
For the past months, I have discussed in my <a href="https://www.facebook.com/angtanay.katinaran">CATV show</a> the history and development of NGOs and related issues and concerns. A segment featuring member NGOs of our network, as well as those of the <a href="http://dswdfo6learnetwork.wordpress.com/2013/03/10/introducing-the-social-welfare-and-development-learning-network-western-visayas/">Social Welfare and Development Learning Network</a> (SWDL-Net) has been a regular part of the show. This way, we give the public the opportunity to ask questions to clear their doubts and reservations brought about by the pork barrel scandal.<br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="179" src="https://fbcdn-sphotos-e-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash3/1185769_613892865309345_1502516819_n.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Co -host Rev. Talha asks Boyet Areno and Ted Aldwin Ong<br />
(extreme right) regarding the stand of the Iloilo Caucus<br />
of Development NGOs (ICODE) on the pork barrel scam</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
We consider the crisis an opportunity to bring to the public consciousness the role of NGOs in nation building. For indeed, one way of averting the systemic robbery in our government is to involve genuine NGOs in monitoring projects. As Alegre (1996) once contends: <i>NGOs have emerged as a new catalyzing, social organization and as a significant player in development. They are increasingly significant actors in global governance and in international development.</i><br />
<br />
<br />
But what are NGOs? How can they contribute to development? What are their roles, strategies, strengths and vulnerabilities? All of these and more will be the subject of the upcoming series of posts on NGOs.<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-69309421839042325752013-09-21T18:07:00.000+08:002013-09-21T20:17:22.410+08:00Martial Law ambivalenceToday is the 41st year of the imposition of Martial Law in the Philippines. Having had the foretaste of suppression, repression and perils of the darkest period in the contemporary history and the liberating experience of the <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2013/02/27/the-spirit-of-edsa-lives-on/">EDSA Revolution </a>, I made it a point to share my story for the benefit of the younger generation. This is an unabridged version of an interview by the associate editor of <a href="https://www.facebook.com/centralecho">Central Echo</a>, Central Philippine University (CPU).The edited version was published on the October 2012 issue of the publication which highlighted the Martial Law stories.<br />
<br />
<b>Central Echo (CE)</b>: What was the atmosphere during martial law? Was it really a period of fear, or of prosperity as what the elders say?<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: It depends on one’s perspective. Those who were apolitical or apathetic with the realities in the society were not necessarily affected. They may even felt relative peace and order. But those who were concerned with human rights experienced the brunt of dictatorial rule that used the military establishment to quell any form of protest against excesses/abuses of the regime or even a simple concern with human rights. I have experienced both worlds.<br />
<br />
During the declaration, I was studying in bible school in Bacolod City. Except for the initial fear of the unknown, the period was never a big deal for me being apolitical at that time due to my religious orientation which was more concerned about salvation of the soul. It was a decade later when I studied at CPU that my consciousness was raised and subsequently involved in human rights issues. That was when I witnessed the harsh realities of that period. There was a rampant violation of human rights. A dangerous time for any defender of human rights, who was considered a suspect of subversion. Something really to fear.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimqVJv2OmReSO9lzkhTF2yJF29vRKu9V4TSw_E68F78a-ZU2TIMQSqpye3xrZmtnGj2v-uYI3_aDsjgO_oyPcrfPOAp5ZieIqMlpeaxIWb_0YWcELx_UvH9Au5Dd1RxvOa6NnoxnJMZYg/s640/central+echo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="499" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><br /></b>
<b>CE</b>: During the investiture of then CPU president Rex Drilon, how did Centralians welcome the arrival of Marcos for the ceremonies?<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: I was not in CPU yet during that period. But I heard that the University had its share of student activism. Some claimed CPU was once a hotbed of activism- some renown leaders were sons of the University personnel/ Baptist leaders like the Ortigas and De la Fuente brothers.<br />
<br />
<b>CE</b>: Were there any significant incidences during this period? For, instance witch hunts against rebels or widespread arrests on campus.<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: My focus was with the religious sector at that time, mostly outside the University. Although I had some coordination with the student activists on campus. But despite my seemingly low profile on campus, I was still included in the list of blacklisted students. Because at that time, your presence in any rally, protest action or even forum/symposium discussing realities would qualify you to the list. Thereafter, military agents or civilian informer would tail you or put you under surveillance. Some even enrolled in schools for that purpose to the extent that lectures related to realities and human rights were monitored.<br />
<br />
One significant thing I remember as far as CPU is concerned was the revival or restoration of the CPU Republic in the first quarter of 1980s – an off shot of students mobilization towards that end. I think the first election was won by activists who organized the <i>Pangmasa Party </i> which later coalesce with seemingly moderate leaders of rival party, the <i>Alliance of Democratic Students</i> (ADS). It gave birth to one of the longest political party in CPUR i.e. <i>Koalisyon.</i><br />
<br />
<i>Red scare</i> and witch hunting were rampant and widespread. Since the declaration of martial law was premised on the threat of communist insurgency, any form of opposition to the regime was associated with it to justify their adverse action. Even the revolutionary movement was not spared from deep penetration agents. There were those who joined the movement, not necessarily because of conviction but to penetrate the mainstream of the movement, being military agents. In our case in the religious sectors, we have pastor friends who confessed later that they were military assets tasked to monitor our activities.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="235" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgLsb3W7FbcKOV7oOqWS-93hEcr64LHPJtOY_VnKQkH1qlRVGxCj3gviMtuF4b8I30xOEy_oKT4uEClUr4h15-ROoIvW2vTZry3Vw9iCA7ciRCBr1CBOGPkOH_6p74chKC4xGOg318pQY/s400/ce.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b>CE</b>: Have you heard any stories about the brutality of the regime, specifically upon "<i>subversive</i>" Centralians?<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: Many. In fact, a close friend experienced torture after being arrested by the military. He was exposed naked in front of torturers to humiliate him. Left naked in an air conditioned room and underwent both psychological and physical abuses.<br />
<br />
<b>CE</b>: I learned that you have joined the New People's Army (NPA). How did you arrive to that decision? Did you have any regrets thereafter?<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: No, I did not join the NPA. I won’t be qualified even if I did as I have been uncomfortable with guns or armed struggle. But I was part of the underground movement (by necessity) representing the religious sector . There was little option at that time for those who earnestly wanted to serve the people by going against the tide.<br />
<br />
My political conversion took place in the 1st quarter of 1980 while doing pastoral ministry to political detainees in Camp Delgado. Raised up in seemingly apolitical environment, my primary motivation was to witness for Christ.<br />
<br />
Ironically, I found myself converted to their commitment, dedication, courage and strong resolve in the service of people. I felt humbled to think that these people who were not so much concerned about their faith in God or the lack of it have this kind of love to the least of Christ’s brothers and sisters. Unlike us we who confessed and professed to be followers of Christ but failed to put such faith into practice.<br />
<br />
Thereafter, I became interested in studying Philippine realities, attending symposium, forum on human rights, joining prayer rallies, organizing seminarians and pastors. At times, I enrolled part-time in the seminary to have more time doing volunteer work in church-related organizations with solidarity program for the poor. In 1984, with only one semester left before graduation, I decided to work full time during the intensification of the people’s struggle until the EDSA Revolution in 1986. At that time, I no longer saw the meaning of my studies to the situation of the country. I wanted to serve the people. So I went where they were.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhs4s_r4bNp2aVl7Vw4QPnnRxCiTOMPkzlPdrsykKYmjeCDGRMBvb5eKI1A4ERNf0joG-6vhI91gmCLvHQbjj46kOU7GIOChMxEZUqhnua1MK1Pu0PyVjjaNfNGRa0w57Q8-S1vbHZQQoo/s400/EDSA2013.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div class="MsoNoSpacing">
EDSA 27 YEARS AFTER A man flashes the Laban sign, symbol
of the fight against</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
the Marcos dictatorship, as confetti rains on the Edsa
People Power Monument</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
during the commemoration of the 27th anniversary of the
civilian-backed</div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
military revolt that toppled the Marcos regime. </div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Credit :
www.inquirer.net and RICHARD A. REYES</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Regrets? When I realized the extent of my isolation from Christian community due to my previous involvement, I almost entertained regrets. At that time, our religious denomination was not quite open to our involvement with the people’s struggle. We became controversial. After <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2011/02/edsa-revolution-shift-in-my-direction.html">EDSA Revolution in 1986</a>, I decided to go back to the mainstream and resume my studies in Theology. But the college wont accept me for technical reasons. Thereafter, I witnessed how those of us who deviated from the norms of faith were considered prodigal sons/daughters, treated with suspicion, by some, scorned by others.<br />
<br />
However, knowing that my motivation for such involvement was basically out of Christian conviction, I did not see any reason to regret. Especially, that God has given me the opportunity to witness how Filipinos and even my children enjoy the restored democracy. I feel the sense of fulfillment and pride in having participated in the struggle of the people during that darkest period of history. In fact, my previous experience has become my source of strength. For every time I encounter crises, harsh or difficult situations in life, I would look back to such experience and assure myself that: if God has made me survived in such critical times, there is no reason why I cannot cope up with any other circumstance in life.<br />
<br />
<b>CE</b>: After martial law and the fall of the Marcos regime, how, do you think, should Filipinos do so that such an event shall never resurface?<br />
<br />
<b>Me</b>: The problem before was that the response of many was sporadic and some much delayed. Only few stood up in the early part of Martial Law. Hence, their protests were easily contained , some were silenced either by arrest, isolation or termination. Many succumbed to the red scare tactic to neutralize legitimate opposition. So the repressive regime had all the time to perpetuate their control.<br />
<br />
To avoid the repeat of the dark past, we should get involved in the early stage of repression or human rights violation. Just like what you did in the latest issue of Central Echo where you voluntarily shut your mouth as protest to the provisions of Anti Cybercrime Law that violate civil liberties. Let us stand up to be counted or forever hold our peace. <br />
<br />
As Martin Niemöller, a German anti-Nazi theologian and Lutheran pastor, beautifully described in his best known "<a href="http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007392">First they came</a>...” which became popular among church people during the Martial Law period:<br />
<br />
<i>When the Nazis came for the communists,</i><br />
<i>I remained silent;</i><br />
<i>I was not a communist.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>When they locked up the social democrats,</i><br />
<i>I remained silent;</i><br />
<i>I was not a social democrat.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>When they came for the trade unionists,</i><br />
<i>I did not speak out;</i><br />
<i>I was not a trade unionist.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>When they came for the Jews,</i><br />
<i>I remained silent;</i><br />
<i>I wasn't a Jew.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>When they came for me,</i><br />
<i>there was no one left to speak out.</i>Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-35136108379133255642013-09-13T14:42:00.000+08:002013-09-13T15:17:17.868+08:00Dazzling Dawn<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://edwinlarizablogs.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/dawn1.jpg?w=500&h=481" height="192" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="200" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">With DZ, the mother and Dazen, the daughter,<br />
do I lack more?</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
“<i>What’s in a name? That which we call a rose, By any other name would smell as sweet.</i>” This statement has been immortalized by Shakespeare’s tragic tale of two lovers whose romance was destined to fail from the beginning. It sums up the basic struggle of the tragedy. Coming from two warring families, Romeo and Juliet fought out their love to the end. Juliet’s famous line implies the value of essence over form, the person, not the name. Some extremists use the statement to put to naught the meaning of the name, though.</div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Yet, the power of a name and its inherent meaning has been recognized since time immemorial. From the primitive to modern civilization, name has been associated with the person, place, event, object, or circumstances closely related to the child’s birth. Wikipedia describes the significance of names, as follows: Many names describe nations, people, and ancient history. Some describe expressions of hopes, revelations of divine purposes, and prophecies of the future. Some are part of genealogical histories, as it was common in Jewish customs to keep a family history. Sometimes names indicated certain circumstances with their birth or family line. Characteristics and traits of people were an important aspect of names in ancient Israel.</div>
<br />
The meaning of a name was very important in bible days. Sometimes the bible itself informs the reader what a name means. Famous biblical persons such as Adam, Cain, Seth, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and his 12 sons, all have the meaning of their name explicitly given in the bible. Their names tell the story of why or how they were born. However, can name influence a person’s character?<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLQF9iRiayiIChdD4rusX5T1B1ZHn9bOVCIDG3xT5cjh6b7tI4iIvS-Dh8YojCQgUONv3RULwCJww-F1Pktu0L1AEaE6fHqUEZRqp15IUTszvaPB7bpPnj8sdOqTXigIG0F1FfZOHR0BE/s1600/dazen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLQF9iRiayiIChdD4rusX5T1B1ZHn9bOVCIDG3xT5cjh6b7tI4iIvS-Dh8YojCQgUONv3RULwCJww-F1Pktu0L1AEaE6fHqUEZRqp15IUTszvaPB7bpPnj8sdOqTXigIG0F1FfZOHR0BE/s1600/dazen.jpg" height="400" width="382" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The two most influential women in my life never cease to dazzle me</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
I tend to agree based on experiences with our three kids. Let me start with our eldest and the only girl who is celebrating her 20th birthday, today. Her coming was preceded by this lyrical declaration to symbolize our life’s experiences: “<i>The darkest night was over. Dawn has come. The dawn of a bright new day</i>.” Hence, we thought of naming her Dawn. But we found out life’s prelude was not the usual dawn that marks the beginning of the twilight before sunrise. It was a dazzling dawn, as revealed later on in my <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2013/01/21/snapshots-of-life/">Snapshots of Life</a>. We were dazed. Thus we call her DAZEN DAWN.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
That was 20 years ago. Thereafter, she stands true to her name, dazzling us and others no end. At less than one year old, she already attended the classes for college students. Can you guess why? If not, I will tell you later in the succeeding blogs. When she learns how to walk and talk, she enjoys going with us wherever and whenever possible.</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEWi6plsRObmoBSJN22OAZAN180zd7KfCWynFVl6il8qfkZIejYHPCZK7dAjb8mALbdt_Eba8aIGjBSTBS6Ht0LQlQNFdHd3QTc5RL56lgQ0-_KylGpphBt8_sji9YnoLQidhZk61DUn8/s1600/lariza.network.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEWi6plsRObmoBSJN22OAZAN180zd7KfCWynFVl6il8qfkZIejYHPCZK7dAjb8mALbdt_Eba8aIGjBSTBS6Ht0LQlQNFdHd3QTc5RL56lgQ0-_KylGpphBt8_sji9YnoLQidhZk61DUn8/s1600/lariza.network.jpg" height="257" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
At one instance, she joins her mother in shopping mall. Her curiosity in almost everything makes her wander away from their reach. When a sales lady notices her walking alone, the former offers her assistance in case she is gone astray. She politely declines. Instead, she requests the lady to look for her mother whom she claims the one who is lost. Subsequently, she is brought to the customer service counter to the confusion of the one in-charge. Will it be the usual page to a mother of the lost child or something like, 'Calling the lost mother, your child is waiting for you at the counter.'</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Happy birthday to our dearly beloved DAZEN DAWN PATRIARCA-LARIZA. We are proud of you. We will always be grateful to God for giving us a daughter as lovely and wonderful as you.</div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-60431015782361449402013-09-01T19:17:00.001+08:002013-09-01T19:17:45.921+08:00RestartIt seems I have reached a some kind of plateau in my journey both in blogging and in my spirituality. Indicator: No new post on any of my seven other blogs for the past three months, not even on this blog which is supposed to be the journal of my life journey.<br />
<br />
Probably, I was just exhausted after a successful defense of my dissertation last June. So exhausted that until now I have not submitted the final copy despite a minor revision. Although I know I can do it, if I will, in less than a week.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="265" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR31Da5k1grohfBCkUuAzXTN_nQScb1qESsiq0fHUrQn90kI_iFyA" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Courtesy of <a href="http://northadelaidefitness.wordpress.com/">northadelaidefitness.wordpress.com</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
But I don't want to prolong this experience. Today, I decided to break the plateau by idly opening this blog, attempting to make a new post. Surfing the web related to the subject matter, in random, two links caught my attention. Hence, I am sharing the <a href="http://blog.mathemagenic.com/2009/06/10/post-dissertation-stress-disorder/">Post dissertation stress disorder</a> and <a href="http://shiningatalltimes.blogspot.com/2012/01/have-you-reached-spiritual-plateau.html">Have You Reached A Spiritual Plateau?</a> to resume blogging.Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-61984819900386765822013-05-27T06:49:00.000+08:002013-05-27T06:49:46.274+08:00Snapshots of Life<div style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;">
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF-DqDMFk0kby-DwfCCojWL2bGdSsOnFYqkuxrcCJYR6f1fOd75h9vWBxHQn0ju4c1Hf-ielOfSs22pP-Oo48YUrmuM9D9AjJzCfst8QSoK6Yf3mM6OgKARm_VbId3xqYCc38uETLF_qs/s200/dekada+70.jpg" /></div>
<i>Like the black and white photograph</i><br />
<i>Life was so simple in the 1970s. </i><br />
<i>My hairline was perceived to be that of a conservative</i><br />
<i>Reflective of my lifestyle and perspective.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i>In the 80s, however, some areas turned into gray</i><br />
<i>More so, when the art of photography captivated me</i><br />
<i>My interest was not only on pictures of harsh realities in the society</i><br />
<i>In solidarity, I participated in the people’s struggle for liberty.</i><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDO2-q9q2GD8TE_kAfi8UiKEj-0l09c4Bc7x4PrW-Db4YOh9LBE6vTcKOrP2iUSwQIP3KE1MlImPhY_-9DPftJXa8CoCsxR2_m6u9cjfIKJ2CD0V6mBQT7b54eq8UM6of49-36x-IJfLA/s400/Dekada++80.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIg3PqfMU5FllSf_A3h2jxbtUIzJUMiW03b3lhw_7Lc2uV_KU3ZQ-YBay_mJhN4CzvsaWTyRbiiuZjA5DOjcxqAFgwBFpGp3YqbXLTKVqBwi7dCiUkduSLu9zQJx2-BzfhTyahSyksV9c/s320/colored.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>The last quarter of the 1980s witnessed the change.</i><br />
<i>Life was added with colors.</i><br />
<i>Like the emerging fad for colored pictures.</i><br />
<i>Yet, the black and white side of life did not end.</i><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEbjWUrq470w-cuJfU12cVLQWEAQj44OGusWf5EbD_sFzShgBWI3bccCsnCVcT_IWj0GKpoepG6wt8qEX3gJcRmVfsRuM_dEIWx0qkWJR5Cve6rkdQvpjvGPvq4b-0Ysbiw37vH4TP8RY/s200/pamilya.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<i>Life became the more meaningful in 1990s</i><br />
<i>When our union produced a family.</i><br />
<i>Blessed with three kids, I intended to add more.</i><br />
<i>But my wife’s protested, we might not take care of them all.</i><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5ACwRKoN2_tD5wqwLQ17QfRDc1bBDagwJ9DkgPwKKG29q_EUuzRoy2tt2ItCgQ87hLTrhpj0gdRzvfVbYezvNg2STdepplva-Tp-0AiqMWsfPDAxCoV2DFIogmE35RPRpIzI6v9G0QKg/s320/kids.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tTIkuYmTpMzmY3EGs6XH0sXaT4zrvHE_KRccy_t3n4CRK2hkJ51Kcftg-xwqUDGiXt0AC5m1HAKiSTUJXNYgCx-ReqJJDKyz9xWCWSBPcGtY6ORi8GM0Hhhp_SBVd2cP1Ew2WpN-dIY/s200/toswp2.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<i>At the dawn of a new millennium,and thereinafter</i><br />
<i>More colors were added into our family affairs.</i><br />
<i>Commitment to service was no longer an exclusive property</i><br />
<i>My wife and children became active in their respective way</i><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidraol-zoOdW9wG6tjsI7FY2svLwM6LVw7MjefdHLWgn2zQmFa8QniZMGIpXk0iId7EFNdHByY50Wtobrd9E0Bqmg8jW1EUfzJLPTeEuyZH-Izjnz1ORyVoAjR6s2BPOI0izoSztY4OgY/s320/family.k.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br />
<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlPJcuz5Ozoiz3bGdoRDcv32D-vt1ZV8vjULAvSevSuOWMsNMS15KZc97iYG7b1Y5seWJtYd4fOKdWkE9jslUszcCuz1-aZvoECLnplqMqDZlAOWRHvHKu11uXhJSyjeCsilNC9I5sUqw/s200/pilgrimage+(3).jpg" /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<i>Later, however, life has become complicated</i><br />
<i>Especially, with the resurgence of my principled stance to fight for what is right</i><br />
<i>This time, directed to our community of faith.</i><br />
<i>For these, I almost did not make it in the first decade of the new millennium (due to serious illness)</i><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdlPD7ooVoeVukbv_H-2vmEaFgv47HphAc46Q88SZFsfmVF-ei4M5faxamX-5yTxKnCOPXoKwkAnxE89pt0OHtVvavQUqaYoMAeW_h18JxgDG888-CzmYeCdDnMREVlduyoXTa-2c6TiE/s200/cbma+photo.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<i>By God's grace, I successfully crawled to the finish line to cap my leadership. And continue to avail of the grace of God for another decade.</i><br />
<i>Believing that there is hope, where there is breath, I never cease thanking God for the coming decades</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i><br /></i>
<i><br /></i>
<i>I do not know what snapshots of life await for me</i><br />
<i>Be it black and white or colored, come what it may</i><br />
<i>Whatever happens, God will never leave me nor forsake me.</i><br />
<i>This I believe, with utmost certainty.</i><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5C6xxH5HoyNIndlddyml_HxFaP5Kwq1agyxKVqvKU1ViWWRwiSnBUP_gKFrbKa9Pfn5MHlR_ddEysXPU7kRsL3UxRRsrr_4LkQbYJ9tCatu4o6-PLqo8RUA2MgL9iZ8x2VMJyPzlBDJ0/s1600/family.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5C6xxH5HoyNIndlddyml_HxFaP5Kwq1agyxKVqvKU1ViWWRwiSnBUP_gKFrbKa9Pfn5MHlR_ddEysXPU7kRsL3UxRRsrr_4LkQbYJ9tCatu4o6-PLqo8RUA2MgL9iZ8x2VMJyPzlBDJ0/s400/family.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<i>Looking back on the snapshots of life</i><br />
<i>I cannot find any reason to fret.</i><br />
<i>Rather I have to move on and give life's best.</i><br />
<i>No matter what, I will continue to live and serve.</i><br />
<br />
<br />
_____________________________________<br />
<br />
This blog started as a photo album entitled <i>Retrato sang Kabuhi</i> (Snapshots of Life) I posted on Facebook on the eve of my birthday last year with captions written in our local dialect, Ilonggo. The likes and comments from friends inspired me to transform the album into a blog with English translation of the Ilonggo captions for the benefit of other readers. <br />
<br />Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1121803033210906106.post-63145583021605170732013-05-08T15:27:00.002+08:002013-05-08T15:27:50.270+08:00Never give up<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
This is a repost of my article first published on May 6, 2012 to remind myself to be extra cautious but never give up.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />My friend Jun Borres, an alumnus of the Department of Social
Work, Central Philippine University, inspires me no end. He was the one I
referred to in my <a href="http://padayon-lifejourney.blogspot.com/2011/10/never-lose-hope-part-ii.html">Never
lose hope</a> post. Since then, his text messages are timely and relevant.
At times, witty anecdotes that made me laugh. I have expounded some of his
messages on my blog. There are three other friends, both pastors, who .like Jun
have the gift to inspire people thru their text ministry. Text messages coming
from Pastors Russel Ban, Edgardo Daitol and Bebing Tupas always contain
inspirational thoughts. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
Few days after I pushed myself beyond limits and suffered
the consequences, I received this text message from Jun:<br />
<i>There is no
perfect life. All of us human beings have failures. <br />
Failures
are inevitable, but giving up is unforgivable.<br />
That is why we
never should give up. </i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<i>
Rise and shine and do not let yesterday’s failures discourage you.
</i></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing">
<i>
They are temporary lessons we go through to become better.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Certainly, Jun did not know my condition at the time of his text. In fact, what
happened to me was a sort of irony. I was about to draft the sequel to my post <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2012/04/16/pushing-beyond-limits/">Pushing Beyond
Limits</a> on another blog which I interluded with <a href="http://larizanetwork.com/2012/04/22/antipodes-2/">Earth Day</a> blog.
However, my wife’s suggestion during our son’s birthday shifted my focus.
When she saw the need for a larger room for two boys as they have
outgrown their original room, the carpenter’s instinct in me was awakened.<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI-pfIZVGJSl-RMIr90iSS4mbGKL1ytoGtJjHX_07uzT_pzNG__0QRsyoaqH5OoXRvswiZB7k85WX2zllb4zBBXjf3fGO-UN1apbEn5vrPh5aB5NgSUNQ3ytV28Loscb1p818QHlyhIIo/s400/never+give+up.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Carpentry and gardening during week-ends had been my outlet for stressful life
in the past. They kept me going despite the previous multiple tasks. It was
only when I used my week-ends for voluntary extension classes for pastors in
the provinces that the hobbies had been suppressed. A mistake that took a
toll on my health resulting to serious illness in the last quarter of
2009 when still at the peak of service and leadership.<br />
<br />
This carpenter’s instinct always challenges me to do the project by myself
instead of contracting a skilled worker. Not necessarily for economical reason,
though. It is more on the self fulfillment to complete a project outside my
skill or expertise. I even remembered last year’s experience while still on a
very vulnerable state of health. With my son’s assistance, I managed to
construct a recycled make shift hut under the acacia tree beside our house. It
served as refuge during day time against the scorching heat of summer
aggravated by my unusual nerve disorder. We also succeeded in making
bamboo fences, as he did the digging of holes holing and moving of heavy woods
and bamboo stalks. The experience was therapeutic against depression.<br />
<br />
Taking cue from my wife’s suggestion, I started to plan out how to convert a
space for a larger room for the boys. Working favorably was the long week-end
on April 28 for the celebration of the Labor Day on May 1.Hence, I excitedly
worked out the project forgetting my vulnerability. Too late to
realize that the symptoms for the recurrence of my sickness were manifesting as
I tried to push myself beyond limits.<br />
<br />
Though disappointed, I humbly accepted my failure, giving more value on
my health than the accomplishment . I was forced to slow down and minimize
exerting more effort as our female work student assisted me in completing the
project longer than expected. Having been with us for quite a long time, she
seemed to master my health condition and always at my rescue. My son was not
able to assist me this time because of their Vacation Church School.<br />
<br />
While we finished the project, my sense of success was halfhearted. In
the process, I was about to give up and leave the work to a professional
carpenter. An ambivalent feeling enveloped me. There was more inclination
to blame myself than feel happy about the success. I
know it will take some time again to gradually recover from the present
state based on past experiences. It was in this context when the text
message of Jun came in. It was timely. I have to rise up from the fall and
learn lessons from the mistakes. But I will never give up the struggle
towards full recovery. </div>
Edwin I. Larizahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11056783984010798308noreply@blogger.com0